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Introduction to Special Issue: Japan–China Fragile Partnership: At Fortieth Anniversary of Diplomatic Normalization
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Inoguchi, Takashi |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | Japan–China rapprochement and the rise of China The rise of China was not an issue in 1971 or 1972. Therefore, neither the United States nor Japan thought about the consequences of US–China and Japan–China rapprochement in the early 1970s (Kissinger, 2011). The diplomatic normalization between Japan and China took place in 1972 as an appendage of the United States– China rapprochement in 1971, at least in American eyes. At this time, the United States was waging war in Vietnam, while the Cold War was still at the heyday of massive nuclear buildups by the United States and the Soviet Union. China was in the midst of domestic turmoil called the Cultural Revolution, while facing the hostile Soviet Union. To ease their burdens, both countries concluded the surprising rapprochement. It was a great surprise to Japan because it had not been notified about this rapprochement even a couple of days before. In 1971, China entered the United Nations. Japan went ahead of the United States and had achieved diplomatic normalization by 1972. Japan wanted to develop a new market in China when its economy was booming whereby Japan wanted to alleviate the extreme of ‘leaning to one side’ (to the United States). China wanted to alleviate security threats coming from the Soviet Union (‘anti-hegemonism’) and to have Japan involved in the development of the half-frozen economy, especially with the massive Japanese official development assistance. On the disputed islands called Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Islands, the Japanese government wanted to settle the issue, but the Chinese government saw no immediate urgency to do so. In 1978, both the United States and Japan consolidated their ties with China, again with Japan going ahead of the United States. In December 1978, Deng Xiaoping came back into power, paving the road to ‘economic reform and the opening to the world’. His famous sentence, yangguan taohui (keep low profile, nurture strength), was propagated as the new Chinese policy line, both internally and externally (Vogel, 2011). He focused on economic development while keeping peace on all borders. China started to grow in the 1980s in a strident fashion, although voices for political reform were also on the rise. Such voices culminated in 1989 after the death of former Secretary General |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 7 |
| Page Count | 7 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1017/S146810991200031X |
| Volume Number | 14 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/BAD2F4CBB608A6959532B9F9FF7FDA5C/S146810991200031Xa.pdf/introduction_to_special_issue_japanchina_fragile_partnership_at_fortieth_anniversary_of_diplomatic_normalization.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/BAD2F4CBB608A6959532B9F9FF7FDA5C/S146810991200031Xa.pdf/div-class-title-introduction-to-special-issue-japan-china-fragile-partnership-at-fortieth-anniversary-of-diplomatic-normalization-div.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1017/S146810991200031X |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
