Screening of Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity Of Annona Squamosa Extracts

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Gowdhami Sarkar, Banwarilal Ayyasamy, Pudukadu Munusamy
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Human beings have been utilizing plants for basic preventive and curative health care since time immemorial. Medicinal plants have been used to treat illness and disease for thousands of years. Even now they are economically important, being used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, perfumery, and food industries. Screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial activities and phytochemicals is important for finding potential new compounds for therapeutic use. In the present study, Fresh leaves and seeds from the fruit of the tree Annona squamosa were collected from Vellore district. These were extracted using various solvents selected based on the polarity which includes water, methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and hexane. The results of the phytochemical analysis indicated that that the methanol and water extracts of seed and leaf had more positive results for alkaloids, oils, tannins, phenols and flavonoids. Among the ten extracts of Annona squamosa seed and leaf, water, methanol and hexane extracts exhibited good antibacterial activity against the six enteric bacterial strains which includes Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis of Gram negative origin and these results were compared with the standard antibiotics. To find the compound responsible for the antibacterial activity thin layer chromatography was done in which the bands were seen in flavonoid solvent system and phenol solvent system with the Rf values 0.258, 0.384, 0.470, 0.356 and 0.683 which displayed the presence of compounds Linalool, Carvone, Eugenol, Farnesol and Geraniol. The FTIR analysis was performed represented the presence of various functional groups which includes amides, amines, phenols, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, carboxylic acids, esters, etc. 77 Antioxidant analysis was also done for all six extracts by FRAP assay, among which water extract of seed showed high level of antioxidant of about 14.16 mg/g, followed by water and methanol extract of leaf. The phytochemicals and antibacterial activity screening of the leaf and seed of the tree Annona squamosa shows the presence of various phytochemicals and good inhibition of bacterial strains.
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Language	English
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Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article