The pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema associated with hypertension.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Gandhi, Sanjiv K. Powers, Justina C. Nomeir, A. M. Fowle, K. M. Kitzman, Dalane W. Rankin, Kevin M. Little, William James
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	BACKGROUND Patients with acute pulmonary edema often have marked hypertension but, after reduction of the blood pressure, have a normal left ventricular ejection fraction (> or =0.50). However, the pulmonary edema may not have resulted from isolated diastolic dysfunction but, instead, may be due to transient systolic dysfunction, acute mitral regurgitation, or both. METHODS We studied 38 patients (14 men and 24 women; mean [+/-SD] age, 67+/-13 years) with acute pulmonary edema and systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mm Hg. We evaluated the ejection fraction and regional function by two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography, both during the acute episode and one to three days after treatment. RESULTS The mean systolic blood pressure was 200+/-26 mm Hg during the initial echocardiographic examination and was reduced to 139+/-17 mm Hg (P< 0.01) at the time of the follow-up examination. Despite the marked difference in blood pressure, the ejection fraction was similar during the acute episode (0.50+/-0.15) and after treatment (0.50+/-0.13). The left ventricular regional wall-motion index (the mean value for 16 segments) was also the same during the acute episode (1.6+/-0.6) and after treatment (1.6+/-0.6). No patient had severe mitral regurgitation during the acute episode. Eighteen patients had a normal ejection fraction (at least 0.50) after treatment. In 16 of these 18 patients, the ejection fraction was at least 0.50 during the acute episode. CONCLUSIONS In patients with hypertensive pulmonary edema, a normal ejection fraction after treatment suggests that the edema was due to the exacerbation of diastolic dysfunction by hypertension--not to transient systolic dysfunction or mitral regurgitation.
Starting Page	17
Ending Page	22
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://www.stcharleshealthcare.org/~/media/GrandRoundsMedia/2011/CME101411handout.pdf
PubMed reference number	11136955v1
Volume Number	344
Issue Number	1
Journal	The New England journal of medicine
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	2D Doppler Echocardiography Diastole Ejection fraction (procedure) Heart Diseases Hypertensive disease Mercury Mitral Valve Insufficiency Patients Premature ventricular contractions acute mitral regurgitation acute pulmonary edema diastolic dysfunction
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article