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Valeur diagnostique du Test de Diagnostic Rapide du Streptocoque Beta Hémolytique du Groupe A dans le Diagnostic des Angines Aigues au CHU de Yaoundé
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Siafa, Antoine Bola Djomou, François Ngomba, Armelle Viviane Houado, Nathalie Gonsu, Hortense Kamga Njock, Richard |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | Introduction. L’angine est une inflammation aigue de l’oropharynx. Au Cameroun, son diagnostic fait systematiquement appel a un traitement antibiotique sans recherche d’etiologie. Dans ce travail, nous avons recherche la frequence de l’angine a SBHA et etudie la valeur diagnostique des tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) dans l’optique d’ameliorer son diagnostic et sa prise en charge. Methodologie. Il s’agit d’une etude transversale et descriptive, dans les services d’ORL et de Bacteriologie du CHUY pendant sept mois. Elle a concerne les patients de plus de trois ans, consultant avec un tableau clinique d’angine aigue. Les patients ont ete selectionnes en ORL, soumis a une interview, un examen clinique et deux prelevements de gorge (TDR et culture). La prevalence de l’angine aigue a SBHA a ete calculee, la sensibilite et la specificite du TDR determinees en prenant la culture comme gold standard. Resultats. Sur 992 patients consultes en ORL au CHUY, 97 remplissaient nos criteres d’inclusion. Le sex-ratio H/F etait de 0,6 et la moyenne d’âge de 24,3 ans (+/-14,3). La prevalence du SBHA dans la population d’etude etait de 43,3%. La prevalence rapportee aux patients consultant en ORL etait de 4,23% IC a 95% [3,01% – 5,50%]. La sensibilite du TDR etait de 90,48% pour une specificite de 90,90%. Le TDR aurait permis de reduire de 72% les prescriptions inutiles d’antibiotiques. Conclusion. L’angine aigue a SBHA represente moins de 5% de nos consultations. Son diagnostic peut etre facilite par l’utilisation des TDR qui, en permettant un diagnostic fiable, reduisent de facon significative les prescriptions inutiles d’antibiotiques. ABSTRACT Background. Tonsillitis is defined as an acute inflammatory process of the pharynx. In Cameroon, its clinical diagnosis systematically prompts an antibiotic treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the real prevalence of the group A streptococcal pharyngitis and assess the diagnostic value of the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) in the diagnosis and the management of acute tonsillitis. Methods. We carried out a cross sectional study in the ENT and Bacteriology departments of the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital. During a seven months period, patients aged above three years of age and who consulted for a clinical picture of acute tonsillitis were recruited. They were interviewed, a clinical exam was performed and two swab samples were collected from their throat (for RDT and culture). The prevalence of group A streptococcal acute tonsillitis was assessed, the sensitivity and specificity of the RDT was calculated using the result of the culture as the gold standard. Results. 992 patients were consulted during that period and 97 were recruited in the study. The sex ratio was M/F 0.6 and the mean age was 24.3 (SD 14.3) years old. The prevalence of group A streptococcal tonsillitis was 43.3% in the study population. The prevalence of group A streptococcal tonsillitis on all the patients consulting in ENT during that period was 4.23% 95%CI=[3.01%-5.5%]. The sensitivity of RDT was 90.48% and the specificity was 90.90%. The RDT would have help to reduce by 72% the unneeded antibiotic prescription. Conclusion. The prevalence of Group A streptococcal tonsillitis is less than 5% in of the ENT outpatient consultation. Its diagnosis can be made by using RDT, which also help to reduce the unnecessary antibiotic prescription. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Volume Number | 17 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/download/693/pdf_365 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
