Estudio seroepidemiológico de la leptospirosis humana en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Hernández, Myriam Astudillo Rodríguez, Andrés Felipe González Santiesteban, Niurka Batista Sosa, Mayelín Mirabal Hernández, Jorge Menéndez
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	OBJETIVO: confirmar serologicamente la ocurrencia de leptospirosis humana en casos presuntivos procedentes del departamento del Valle del Cauca, estudiar variables clinico-epidemiologicas asociadas a la enfermedad e identificar los serogrupos de Leptospira mas prevalentes en la region. METODOS: se analizaron 150 muestras sericas colectadas en fase aguda, de casos con sospecha clinica y con riesgo epidemiologico de leptospirosis. Fueron evaluadas mediante hemoaglutinacion indirecta y microaglutinacion tomando como criterio de confirmacion de la enfermedad la presencia de un titulo por microaglutinacion mayor o igual que 1:800. Se analizaron datos epidemiologicos de interes asi como sintomas y signos presentados en cada caso. RESULTADOS: las tecnicas serologicas empleadas permitieron definir 31 casos confirmados (20,6 por ciento) y 16 casos probables (10,6 por ciento). Icterohaemorrhagie fue el serogrupo de mayor reactividad serologica tanto en casos confirmados como probables. Los sintomas mas comunes fueron fiebre (89,3 por ciento), cefalea (86,7 por ciento) y mialgias (77,3 por ciento). Sintomas de leptospirosis severa como ictericia e insuficiencia renal fueron observados en 36 por ciento y 6,7 por ciento de los casos, respectivamente. Cerca de 70 por ciento de los casos confirmados o probables procedia de zonas urbanas y 85 por ciento resulto de hombres con un promedio de edad de 40 anos. Los factores de riesgo mas frecuentes fueron la exposicion a roedores o animales domesticos (95,7 por ciento) y aguas potencialmente contaminadas (36,2 por ciento). CONCLUSIONES: los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que la leptospirosis constituye un problema de salud publica en el Valle del Cauca, region suroccidental de Colombia. OBJECTIVE: to serologically confirm the occurrence of human leptospirosis in presumptive cases from the department of Valle del Cauca in Colombia, to study clinical-epidemiological data associated to the disease and to find out the most prevalent leptospiral serogroups. METHOD: a total of 150 serum samples collected during the acute phase from clinically suspected patients of having leptospirosis were analyzed. Samples were evaluated by indirect hemagglutination and microagglutination tests, taking a microagglutination titer equal to or greater than 1:800 as definition of confirmed case. Epidemiological data as well as symptoms and signs of interest were analyzed. RESULTS: these serological techniques allowed defining 31 confirmed cases (20.6 percent) and 16 probable cases (10.6 percent). Icterohaemorrhagiae was the serogroup with the higher serological reactivity in both confirmed and probable cases. Most common symptoms were fever (89.3 percent), headaches (86.7 percent) and myalgias (77.3 percent). Symptoms of severe leptospirosis like jaundice and renal failure were observed in 36 percent and 6.7 percent of cases, respectively. About 70 percent of confirmed or probable cases came from urban areas and 85 percent of them were men aged 40 years as average. The epidemiological risk factors were exposure to rats and domestic animal (95.7 percent) and potentially contaminated water (36.2 percent). CONCLUSIONS: the results of the present study suggest that leptospirosis is a public health problem in Valle del Cauca, a region located on the south west of the country.
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Volume Number	61
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://zeus.colsanitas.com/manual_referencia/archivos/estudio_seroepidemiol.gico_de_la_leptospirosis_humana_en_el_departamento_del_valle_del_cauca_astudillo_m_2009.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/mtr/v61n2/mtr04209.pdf
Language	English
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Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article