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The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
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Author | Friedlander, Alan Aeby, Greta Smith Brainard, Russell. Clark, Athline Demartini, Edward E. Godwin, Scott Kenyon, Jean Kosaki, Randy. Maragos, Jim Vroom, Peter S. Antonelis, George A. Asher, Jacob Marcus Balazs, George H. Curtis, Kelly Firing, June Hoeke, Ronald K. Keenan, Elizabeth King Moffitt, Russell A. Palawski, Don Schorr, Gregory S. Veit, Allison C. Woodward, Lee Ann |
Copyright Year | 2005 |
Abstract | INTRODUCTION AND SETTING The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) consist of small islands, atolls, submerged banks, and reefs, and stretch for more than 2,000 km northwest of the high windward main Hawaiian Islands (MHI; Figures 10.1 and 10.2). From Nihoa and Necker Island (~7 and 10 million years old respectively) to Midway and Kure Atolls (~28 million years old), the NWHI represent the older portion of the emergent archipelago (Juvik and Juvik, 1998). The majority of the islets and shoals remain uninhabited, although Midway, Kure, Laysan Island, and French Frigate Shoals have all been occupied for extended periods over the last century by various government agencies. |
File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
Alternate Webpage(s) | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreef/coral_report_2005/NWHI_Ch10_C.pdf |
Alternate Webpage(s) | http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreef/coral2008/pdf/NWHI.pdf |
Language | English |
Access Restriction | Open |
Content Type | Text |
Resource Type | Article |