NDLI: Removal of Fluoride from Drinking Water using Pretreated Fly Ash

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Removal of Fluoride from Drinking Water using Pretreated Fly Ash

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Soni, Ranjeeta
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Fluoride exists fairly abundantly in the earth's crust and can enter groundwater by natural processes; the soil at the foot of mountains is particularly likely to be high in fluoride from the weathering and leaching of bedrock with high fluoride content. According to 1984 guidelines published by the World Health Organization (WHO) fluoride is an effective agent for preventing dental caries if taken in 'optimal' amounts. But a single 'optimal' level for daily intake cannot be agreed because the nutritional status of individuals, which varies greatly, influences the rate at which fluoride is absorbed by the body. A diet poor in calcium, for example, increases the body's retention of fluoride. Fluoride is essential element for the human body but when its concentration is high in the drinking water it causes serious health hazards for humans. It is beneficial when its concentration is less than 1.5 mg/L (WHO1994). Fluoride being an electronegative element and having a negative charge is attracted by positively charged ions like calcium (Ca). Bone and tooth having highest amount of calcium in the body attracts the maximum amount of fluoride and is deposited as Calcium Fluorapatite crystals. Intake of fluoride above 1.5 mg/L may lead to serious manifestations. Due to the geochemical deposits in the water and various dietary sources it increases in the body and caused various diseases like dental, skeletal and non skeletal fluorosis. In Rajasthan the existence of fluorides was first detected in 1964 when a survey was under taken by state PHED in collaboration with NEERI on the basis of reports of some peculiar diseases. The concentration in ground water varied from as low as zero to 18.00ppm as maximum. It is already clear from the previous studies that all 32 districts of Rajasthan are affected from the excess concentration of fluoride and facing severe problem related health.
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://chesci.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/V4i16_22_CS08204610.pdf
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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