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Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissues for porcine genetic resources
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Kikuchi, Kazuhiro Kaneko, Hiroyuki Nakai, Michiko Somfai, Tamas Kashiwazaki, Naomi Nagai, Takashi |
| Copyright Year | 2018 |
| Abstract | The conservation or preservation of mammalian genetic resources, especially farm animals, has been conducted under in situ conditions by maintaining living individuals as "livestock". However, systems for laboratory in vitro embryo production using gametes such as spermatozoa and oocytes are now available and in vitro culture for embryos viable to offspring after transfer to recipients, as an ex situ preservation method for mammalian genetic resources. In pigs, freezing of sperm is the most reliable and well-established method for this purpose. On the other hand, cryopreservation of female gametes (oocytes) and gonadal (testicular and ovarian) tissues usually by vitrification has been conducted; however, resulted in very low efficacies. Recently, our laboratory conducted some research themes related to these issues. We have been focusing on advances using porcine in vitro embryo production (IVP) systems and xenografting into host immunodeficient mice for piglet generation. In this symposium, we introduce recent progress on the vitrification of porcine immature oocytes and gonadal tissues followed by their IVP and xenografting to produce gametes. Introduction The main type of genetic material for routine cryopreservation by gene banking is spermatozoa, so called semen cryobanking. Banking of other materials such as oocytes or early embryos has been considered challenging. However, the utilization of female gametes and gonadal tissues has been considered very important. Some attempts at vitrification of tissues have been made, and for this purpose, in vitro embryo production (IVP) and its related technologies are essential. The basic IVP procedure for piglet production has been of fundamental importance in studies of embryo freezing/vitrification at the pronucleus (Somfai et al. 2009), the 4to 8-cell (Nagashima et al., 2007), the morula (Maehara et al., 2012), and the blastocyst (Mito et al., 2015) stages. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)related technologies (Nakai et al., 2003, 2009, 2010, Kaneko et al., 2013) are also fundamental for the utilization sperm without self-penetration ability into oocytes. Cryopreservation of unfertilized oocytes Freezing of spermatozoa is one of the basic approaches for preservation of genetic resources. Oocyte cryopreservation is a basic strategy for gene banking of female germplasm; for pigs. However, this technology is very difficult and still considered a challenge. We have tested the possibility of vitrification for immature (at the germinal vesicle stage; cumulus oocyte complexes) and mature (at the metaphase-II stage) oocytes before fertilization (Somfai et al., 2012). The survival rate for mature oocytes was relatively high; however, a high Cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissues for porcine genetic resources Kazuhiro Kikuchi1,2,*, Hiroyuki Kaneko1, Michiko Nakai1, Tamas Somfai3, Naomi Kashiwazaki4, Takashi Nagai5 1Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan, 2The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan, 3Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan, 4Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan, 5Past address: Headquarter, NARO, Tsukuba, 305-8517, Japan *Corresponding author: kiku@affrc.go.jp |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://reproduction.jp/NewHP/image/TSAR4_Kikuchi_19-0528.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
