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A Cooperação Internacional na Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca - ENSP da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz): desenvolvimento histórico e panorama atual, 2013
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Camara, Erica Kastrup Bittencourt E |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | In Latin America, the development of Schools of Public Health (SPHs) since the first half of the 20th century is historically connected with international cooperation (IC) and United States influence in the region, particularly through the Rockefeller Foundation. In this process, the biomedical perspective predominated in the organisation of public health regionally. Nonetheless, Brazil’s National School of Public Health (ENSP), since it was established in the 1960s, has been influenced by the principles of Social Medicine. In the 1970s, the influence of the Latin American social medicine movement, relations among health professionals regionally and internationally, new actors and projects concentrated in the ENSP all contributed to strengthening this characteristic underpinning the school’s institutional development. Over the following decade, from the late 1970s through the 1980s, this alignment was confirmed by the ENSP’s leading role in advancing the Brazilian Health Sector Reform Movement: it contributed significantly to development of the concept of Collective Health underlying the reform movement’s activities and actions, as well as to approval of the health sector reform in Brazil’s 1988 Constitution and, subsequently, in the 1990s, to implementation of the Unified Health System (Sistema Unico de Saude, SUS). This dynamic in Brazil went against the tide of what was seen in Latin America in the same period, when most countries carried out reforms grounded in neoliberal principles. In the 1990s, the ENSP benefited from international academic, scientific and technological cooperation, and expanded its interrelations with teaching and research institutions abroad. In the 2000s, the priority given to health on Brazil’s Foreign Policy (BFP) agenda prompted new actions by the ENSP (and the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ), prioritising South-South relations in International Cooperation in Health (SSICH). That process ushered in a new kind of relationship between the FIOCRUZ (and ENSP) and Brazil’s international cooperation in health, with the FIOCRUZ constituting the focal point for BFP in this field. The IHC projects, thereafter organised institutionally, came to coexist with traditional academic IC, that is, cooperation stemming from professional relations between researchers in Brazil and abroad. These two trends although parallel and with their own particular trajectories, are interrelated, although one does not derive from the other. The SSICH projects carried out by the ENSP align with the “alternative” proposal of Brazilian’s “structural cooperation in health”. Despite the short time that these institutional projects have been operating and certain alignment with BFP and FIOCRUZ policy in this area, the available data examined do attest to this change, but are insufficient for any thorough assessment of outcomes of this new policy of the ENSP’s towards IC. It would appear to be a good time to organise better the ENSP/FIOCRUZ databases, as regards both the process of the ENSP’s institutional work and its political action in the international field, so as to facilitate more refined analyses. |
| Starting Page | 127 |
| Ending Page | 127 |
| Page Count | 1 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/13924/1/50.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
