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Ammonia Emissions from U.S. Broiler Houses in Kentucky and Pennsylvania
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Wheeler, Eileen Fabian Casey, Kenneth D. Gates, Richard S. Zajaczkowski, Jennifer L. Topper, Patrick A. Xin, Hongwei Liang, Yi Brown, Denise |
| Copyright Year | 2004 |
| Abstract | Twelve commercial broiler houses in the United States were each monitored for thirteen 48-hour periods over the course of one year to obtain ammonia emission data. Houses on four farms in two states included paired repetition of houses chosen to represent the variety in modern construction, litter management practices, and climate conditions. Ammonia concentration was determined by portable monitoring units incorporating electrochemical sensors with a fresh air purge cycle. Ventilation rate was determined via in-situ measurement of fan capacity versus static pressure difference of all fans in each house using an anemometer array. During each study period, fan on-off times and house static pressure difference were monitored. There were seasonal trends in house ammonia concentration and ventilation rates but offsetting relationships between these two factors resulted in fairly uniform ammonia emission rates from flocks over the seasons. Emission rates were highest during periods of warmest weather, especially with larger birds. The best predictive relationship for emission rate was found between average daily emission rate per bird and flock age. Emission rate per floor area versus flock age acknowledges the ammonia emission surface area, and offered another good predictive relationship. Emission rate in terms of animal unit (500 kg) for built-up litter flocks indicated very high emissions per AU for the youngest birds (under about 10 days of age), after which time the emissions were relatively steady for the balance of the flock cycle. Flocks that had at least three monitoring periods (13 of 22 flocks studied) provided emission rates that were very similar among the four study farms and across the seasons (regression slope average 0.031 g NH3 bird-1 d-1 per day of age; std. dev. 0.0057). When all flock data from each farm was analyzed as a composite, for the three farms with built-up litter the predicted regression slopes were 0.028, 0.034 and 0.037 g NH3 bird-1 d-1 per day of flock age; the fourth farm had new litter for each flock resulting in the lowest emission rate of the study farms at 0.024 g NH3 bird-1 d-1 per day of flock age. The intercept of these composite linear relationships was influenced by litter conditions with flocks on new litter having essentially no emissions for about 6 days while built-up litter flocks had an intercept near 0. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 1 |
| Page Count | 1 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.13031/2013.20064 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1130&context=abe_eng_conf&httpsredir=1&referer= |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
