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Flight Deck-Based Interval Management-Spacing During Departures : Flight Crew Human-InThe-Loop Simulation
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Penhallegon, William J. Mendolia, Andrew S. Bone, Randall S. Orrell, Gregory L. Stassen, H. Peter |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Abstract | An Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) concept termed Interval Management-Spacing (IM-S) was evaluated in a human-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation. IM-S is a set of capabilities and procedures supported by ground and Flight deck (FIM) components for controllers and flight crews to use in combination to manage inter-aircraft spacing. Air traffic control (ATC) issues an IM Clearance and flight crews manage spacing through speed adjustments generated by onboard FIM equipment until reaching a planned termination point. Past research on IM-S operational applications applied the concept to the arrival and approach phases of flight using a precise spacing goal. The purpose of this study was to determine if IM-S could support the departure phase of flight when departing aircraft are merging with other aircraft into an en route stream. The environment selected was above 10,000 feet to an en route cruise altitude. Scenarios consisted of a baseline (i.e., no FIM-S), nominal FIM-S, and off-nominal FIM-S. Sixteen airline pilots with advanced Boeing cockpit experience participated, and two pilots participated per day and acted as a flight crew. The results of the study generally suggest that FIM-S during departure is a manageable and suitable operation for pilots. Pilots reported their workload, situation awareness, and headdown time as acceptable. Procedures and phraseology were also generally acceptable, although there was some confusion with the appropriate speed to fly after termination. Results also indicate that the necessary display features were available to the flight crews. Pilots reported overall trust in the spacing algorithm, which accurately delivered the assigned spacing goal, when given sufficient time to do so with the implemented algorithm. The findings from this study provide an initial framework for the application of FIM-S during departure operations. A FIM-S departure operation may be feasible and manageable from a flight deck perspective with promise of crew acceptability and compatibility with current operations. However, in addition to specifically evaluating the benefits of this operation, areas such as the appropriate engagement altitude (or conditions beyond that studied in this simulation), termination procedures, information display, and algorithm design require additional research. KeywordsAirborne Spacing – Flight deck-based Interval Management (ASPA-FIM), Airborne Surveillance Application (ASA), Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), ADS-B Guidance Display (AGD), Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI), departure, departure procedure, en route, flight crew, Flight deck-based Interval Management – Spacing (FIM-S), Interval Management (IM), IM aircraft, IM Speed, metering, MITRE CAASD, pilot, spacing, spacing algorithm, Target Aircraft, merge |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.atmseminar.org/seminarContent/seminar9/papers/120-Penhallegon-Final-Paper-4-15-11.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
