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Caracterización de contaminantes orgánicos generados en la gasificación de residuos
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | González, Isabel |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | La gasificacion es una tecnologia que produce una fuente de energia renovable mediante la aplicacion del gas generado en turbinas o motores. Sin embargo uno de los mayores problemas es la reduccion de los altos niveles de alquitranes presentes en el gas de gasificacion. El analisis de los alquitranes es de gran interes dado que determina la limpieza y aplicacion del gas. El muestreo clasico de alquitranes se ha venido realizando mediante borboteadores con un disolvente organico; sin embargo,debido a la complejidad de este sistema de muestreo se han buscado alternativas como los cartuchos de adsorcion en fase solida (SPA). Los objetivos del trabajo son evaluar la utilizacion de SPA para el muestreo de alquitranes y compararlos con el sistema de muestreo tradicional en una planta de gasificacion de lodos de depuradora. Se eligieron 4 clases de cartuchos comerciales determinandose que el mas adecuado para el muestreo y analisis de alquitranes eran los cartuchos SupelcleanTM ENVI-Carb/NH2. Se determino que la capacidad es superior a los niveles de alquitranes esperados. Se determino que la presencia de agua, H2S y NH3 en el gas no altera su capacidad de retencion aunque la presencia de hidrogeno y metano puede alterar la capacidad de retencion de los compuestos volatiles. Se encontro que ambas metodologias producian resultados analogos para los alquitranes totales y BTX, mientras que para los PAH’s se obtienen mayores concentraciones con cartuchos excepto cuando la concentracion es estos compuestos en el gas de gasificacion es baja. El calculo de incertidumbres determino que la incertidumbre asociada al muestreo con cartuchos es menor. Ademas, la utilizacion de SPA implica un muestreo mas sencillo, mayor rapidez en la toma de muestras y obtencion de resultados, menor consumo de disolventes y menor coste por muestra. [ABSTRACT] Gasification technology can produce renewable energy using the gasification gas in turbines or engines. Nevertheless, the application of this technology in power markets is limited by the high levels of tar present in the gasification gas. The analysis of tar is very important because it determines the gas cleaning steps and the gas application. Tar sampling has been performed traditionally using a series of impinger bottles filled with an organic solvent, but because its drawbacks, other sampling strategies are being studied such as solid-phase adsorption (SPA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the utilization of SPA for tar sampling in the gasification of sewage sludge and to compare this sampling system with the traditional tar sampling in a real gasification plant. To evaluate the utilization of SPA to tar sampling, four commercial cartridges were selected, and it was determined that the most suitable for sampling and analysis of tars were SupelcleanTM ENVI-Carb/NH2 cartridges. The capacity of the cartridges was evaluated showing that it is higher than the concentration tar level expected. No significant differences were observed in the retention capacity when water, ammonia or hydrogen sulphide in the gas stream were present but the presence of hydrogen and methane in the gas decreased the retention capacity of volatile compounds. The performance of both analytical methodologies was compared. Both methodologies yield similar results for total tar and BTX while higher levels of PAH’s were obtained when using cartridges except when their concentration in the gasification gas was low. The uncertainty associated with the SPA is lower than the uncertainty associated with impinger tar sampling system for the majority of the compounds analysed and the use of SPA for tar sampling is easier, faster, decreases the volume of solvent used and reduce the cost per sample. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://eprints.ucm.es/24033/1/T34959.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
