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Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by oxidative and bacterial stress in an amphibian cell culture model.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Carter, Lisa A. Tabor, Maija B. |
| Copyright Year | 2002 |
| Abstract | The decline of many amphibian species could be caused by their susceptibility to environmental pollutants that cause cellular stress and cell death. A variety of intracellular signal transduction pathways are activated by environmental stress factors, which result in cell death. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are intracellular signaling molecules that include the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK-1 and ERK-2). We used cultured (italic)Xenopus(/italic) tadpole cells (XTC-2 cells) to investigate the activation of ERK by oxidative or bacterial stress, two environmental factors that could contribute to pollution in aquatic systems. We exposed XTC-2 cell monolayers to hydrogen peroxide or bacterial lipopolysaccharide and measured ERK activation by Western blotting using antibodies raised against phosphorylated ERK-1 and ERK-2. Only ERK-2 was detected in XTC-2 cells. Both hydrogen peroxide and lipopolysaccharide caused ERK-2 phosphorylation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Hydrogen peroxide caused a 20- to 30-fold increase in ERK-2 activation that peaked 30 min after treatment, and lipopolysaccharide induced a 5- to 10-fold increase in ERK-2 activation that peaked 60 min after treatment. PD98059, an inhibitor of the ERK pathway, reduced the cytotoxic response of XTC-2 cells to hydrogen peroxide or lipopolysaccharide. These data suggest that ERK-2 is an intracellular target of oxidative and bacterial stress in amphibians that mediates, at least in part, the cytotoxic response to hydrogen peroxide or lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, the (italic)Xenopus(/italic) (XTC-2) cell culture system could serve as a useful model to identify agents that might threaten amphibian populations and human health. |
| Starting Page | 641 |
| Ending Page | 645 |
| Page Count | 5 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| PubMed reference number | 12117640v1 |
| Volume Number | 110 |
| Journal | Environmental health perspectives |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Amphibians Cell Culture System Cell Culture Techniques Cell Death Cellular Stress Cessation of life Growth Factor Hydrogen Peroxide Lipopolysaccharides Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases PD 98059 Peroxides Signal Transduction Pathways Western Blotting intracellular signal transduction |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
