NDLI: Microbial Mat Communities in Hawaiian Lava Caves

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Microbial Mat Communities in Hawaiian Lava Caves

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Spilde, Michael N. Northup, Diana Caimi, Nicole A. Boston, Penelope J. Stone, Frederick D. Smith, Stephen
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Microbial mats are a prominent feature in many Hawaiian lava caves, but little research has been done on these communities. Since 2008, we have sampled 16 lava caves on the Big Island of Hawai`i for microbial communities for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, cultivation, and DNA sequencing. These caves occurred in areas of Hawai`i that varied in rainfall from 47— 401 cm per year. Sampled communities included microbial mats of various colors from white to tan, yellow, and orange; white mats floating on puddles in the floor; and butterscotch-colored organic ooze. We also sampled “microbes that masquerade as minerals” to determine whether mineral deposits contained substantial microorganisms. SEM studies revealed diverse morphologies across the lava caves, with coccoid and filamentous shapes predominating. Culture media inoculated with microbial mat or mineral deposits on site in Hawaiian lava caves revealed morphologies consistent with Actinobacteria and many cultures demonstrated the presence of fugitive dyes that were aqueously soluble. DNA analysis revealed that the white wall microbial mats differed from the yellow, pink, and orange mats, which were more similar to each other. Actinobacteria dominated the latter deposits. Overall, the type of sample (mat versus mineral versus surface soil) made the greatest composition difference.
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1130/abs/2016AM-283965
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://cavepics.com/IVS17/SPILDE.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.1130/abs%2F2016AM-283965
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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