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Suivi et analyse du risque lié à l’utilisation des eaux usées en agriculture dans la région de Meknes au Maroc,
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Addouli, Jamal El |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Abstract | In several areas of Morocco, agriculture relies on the supply of water which often comes from the rivers. In the area of Meknes, the re-use of urban waste water is a real practice. It is however made by despite the fact that rejecting the used water without treatment in the Oueds (small watercourses in Arabic) that cross the city: Oued Boufekrane, Oued Bouishak,and Oued Ouislane. Therefore, the recourse to this polluted water raises many environmental and sanitary issues. Indeed, although this water constitutes a fertilizing potential (nitrogenized and phosphated elements), their contents of heavy metals and certain pathogenic agents represent nevertheless contamination risks of the grounds, groundwater, plants and sanitary risks for both the human beings and the animals. This work aims at the study of physico-chemical, microbiological and parasitologic quality of rough waste water and mixed water (rough waste water mixed with waste water of the Oueds Ouislane and Bouishak). The microbiological and parasitologic studies that we carried out on the level of the site of study where market-gardeners exclusively use rough waste water or mixed with water of the Oueds showed a strong microbiological pollution of the two rivers, resulting mainly from the discharges of domestic and industrial waste water. The analysis revealed strong concentrations in total coliforms, fecal coliforms, clostriduim sulfito-reducers and eggs of helminths, showing values that exceed the microbiological standards of the W.H.O. (World Health Organisation), enacted on the use of the waste water in agriculture. On the physicochemical level, the proportioning of certain physicochemical parameters (suspended solids, nitrates, chlorides, phosphates ortho...) shows strong contents of suspended matter along the sampling stations of the basins of the two Oueds. The discharge of rough worn water in these Oueds does nothing but worsen the situation. We record values of about 2800 mg/l downstream of the Ouislane oued. Compared to the quality grid of surface waters (CNS, 1994), these waters match waters of bad to very bad quality (≥ à 2000 mg/l). Quite high concentrations of nitrogen are raised upstream of the two Oueds. This contamination might be related to the use of manures for both agricultural and industrial activities. As for the contents of orthophosphates, the values are more important downstream of the Ouislane Oued. Concerning the average values of chloride, they are roughly the same for the Ouislane Oued, ranging from 319.5 mg/l to 386 mg/l. However, they are important in comparison with downstream of the Bouishak Oued, getting closer to 421.5 mg/l. Utilizing the recycled water also reduced the pressures on the environment but there are factors which must be considered such as the presence of pathogenic microbes and the chemical contaminants, salinity as well as the impacts on the structure of the ground. In this case, the purification of water is essential to limit the potential impacts of such an activity on the environment and the health of the producer. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/30382/sst16_5.pdf;jsessionid=0D106E03E64A9C020A33AE4C22AB0744?sequence=1 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
