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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection: what if it works?
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Paxton, Lynn A. Hope, Tony Jaffe, Harold |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | For all the advances in treatment of HIV infection, the mainstays of prevention have changed little: sexual abstinence, condoms, sterile injection equipment, avoidance of high-risk behaviours, and knowing one’s own serostatus and that of any sexual or drug-injecting partners. Although these strategies can be eff ective and recent years have seen decreases in new infections in some countries and in some risk groups, the 11 000 new infections daily is ample testament that additional methods of prevention are needed. Evidence for successful HIV-prevention technologies is mixed. Randomised studies of male circumcision in South Africa, Kenya, and Uganda were discontinued early after interim review showed reductions in new HIV infections ranging from 60% to 74% in the circumcised men compared with those who were not circumcised. Several topical microbicides are in advanced trials. However, phase III trials of C-31G (originally developed by Cellegy Pharmaceuticals) and cellulose sulphate (Polydex Pharmaceuticals, Nassau, Bahamas) were terminated early because preliminary results suggested no effi cacy (C-31G) or increased risk of HIV transmission (cellulose sulphate). HIV-vaccine research continues despite two completed trials of AidsVax (VaxGen, South San Francisco, CA, USA) that showed no effi cacy. Proof of effi cacy of any present microbicide or vaccine candidate is several years away, and fi rst products will probably be only moderately eff ective. The need to manufacture such a product in large quantities and distribute it around the world will pose additional challenges. |
| Starting Page | 89 |
| Ending Page | 93 |
| Page Count | 5 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61053-8 |
| PubMed reference number | 17617276 |
| Journal | Medline |
| Volume Number | 370 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0140673607610538 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673607610538?dgcid=api_sd_search-api-endpoint |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2807%2961053-8 |
| Journal | The Lancet |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
