Body water and electrolyte responses to acetazolamide in humans.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Brechue, William F. Stager, Jennifer Lukaski, Henry Charles
Copyright Year	1990
Abstract	Acetazolamide (ACZ), a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is a known diuretic and causal agent in metabolic acidosis. Its diuretic qualities are well established with respect to urine flow and electrolyte excretion. However, the impact of ACZ on body hydration status has not been adequately quantified. Thus, to establish the influence of ACZ treatment on body water, nine healthy males were evaluated for hydration status after clinically prescribed doses of ACZ. The drug was administered in three 250-mg oral doses 14, 8, and 2 h before determination of body water compartments. ACZ led to a significant 1.7-liter reduction in total body water (3.4%). A significant reduction in extracellular water of 3.3 liters is partitioned as the loss of total body water and a significant increase in intracellular water (1.6 liters). Venous blood pH and plasma HCO3- were significantly reduced 0.09 units and 5.9 mM, respectively, with ACZ. Plasma protein concentration was increased, but plasma osmolality did not change. Plasma Na+, K+, and Cl- concentrations were not different with ACZ, but total electrolyte content was significantly decreased 45.2, 1.17, and 44.1 meq, respectively, for all three. Urine K+, HCO3-, flow, and pH were elevated after ACZ treatment, whereas Na+ and Cl- were the same as placebo levels. In conclusion, acute clinical doses of ACZ reduce body fluid compartments, leading to a moderate isosmotic hypovolemia with an intracellular volume expansion as well as metabolic acidosis.
Starting Page	39
Ending Page	41
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/49319/PDF
PubMed reference number	2262460v1
Volume Number	69
Issue Number	4
Journal	Journal of applied physiology
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Acetazolamide Acidosis Anatomical compartments Body Dysmorphic Disorders Body Fluid Compartments Body Fluids Body water (substance) Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Chloride Ion Diuretics Electrolytes PCLO gene Potassium Sodium Total body water measurement milliequivalent (meq)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article