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Reassessing Wartime U.S.-China Relations : Leadership, Foreign Aid, and Domestic Politics, 1937-1945 (防衛研究所創立60周年記念特別号)
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Lin, Hsiao-Ting |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | During the 1930s, both the revival of a powerful Chinese revolutionary movement and Japan's advance toward China challenged a hitherto passive U.S. policy toward East Asia. Since invoking the Open Door policy in 1899, U.S. diplomacy in China had rested on the hope that developments within China and private U.S. influence would contribute to the evolution of a politically and economically integrated nation according to the democratic capitalist model exemplified by the United States. Yet historical developments in the 1930s, especially the rise of Chinese nationalism vis-à-vis the intensifying Japanese encroachment, frustrated American hopes for China and then appeared to make China itself a liability to the United States.1 The all-out Sino-Japanese confrontation began in mid-1937. Toward the end of 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his top advisers concluded that Japanese control of China would endanger the security of both the United States and those of its European allies with Asian colonial interests. Policy makers in Washington, linking Japanese military activities with its German and Italian counterparts in Europe, set their policy on a new course, one that was designed to actively aid and support the Chinese Nationalist government under Chiang Kai-shek.2 American aid, they hoped, would enable Chiang to withstand Japan's advance and improve his position against his major domestic rivals, the Chinese Communists. If the Nationalists were assured of this support, American officials posited that they would undertake political reforms to create a more popular and effective government, and thus serve as a long-term American ally that would assist in orderly transition of political power in Asia, from closed empires to self-governing, stable nations.3 |
| Starting Page | 117 |
| Ending Page | 138 |
| Page Count | 22 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.nids.mod.go.jp/publication/senshi/pdf/201303/09.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
