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To the editor : Longitudinal dynamics of antigen-specific CD 8 1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes following primary Epstein-Barr virus infection
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Bharadwaj, Mandvi Burrows, Scott Renton Burrows, Jacqueline M. Moss, Denis J. Catalina, Michelle D. Khanna, Rajiv |
| Copyright Year | 2001 |
| Abstract | One of the intriguing and largely unexplained features of primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in humans is that only a small proportion of individuals display the clinical symptoms of acute infectious mononucleosis (IM).1 Previous studies have proposed a role for a number of potential factors in controlling the symptoms of primary EBV infection, such as viral load and cytokine dysregulation.2 It is entirely feasible that the dynamics of emergence of the EBV-specific T-cell response during the early stages of acute infection may delimitate the patterns of clinical symptoms in different individuals. Indeed, massive expansion of CD81 T cells specific for EBV latent and lytic antigens, which is often a feature of acute EBV infection, suggests that these T-cell responses are recruited to control the active viral infection.1-3 However, understanding the biological significance and the longitudinal dynamics of these T cells during acute viral infections in humans is often difficult and is complicated by the nature of immune responses in naturally outbred individual patients. We have addressed some of these limitations by analyzing the dynamics of T-cell responses to a large panel of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes in 2 HLA class I–matched unrelated human subjects undergoing a primary EBV infection with contrasting clinical symptoms—patient 1’s acute phase was relatively brief (2-3 weeks), and patient 2 sustained protracted symptoms (4 months). We have also included a panel of HLA-matched, unrelated healthy virus carriers, which allowed us to compare their CTL responses to the responses seen in the 2 acute IM patients. Although expansions of antigen-specific T cells were observed in both patients during the acute phase of infection, ex vivo analysis based on the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay indicated that rapid recovery from IM symptoms in patient 1 was clearly coincident with broad T-cell reactivity to multiple epitopes within lytic and latent antigens and that protracted illness in patient 2 correlated with a narrowly focused response (Figure 1A-B).Atotal of 7 different epitopes were targeted simultaneously in the rapidly recovering patient 1 and were presented by 3 different class I alleles. In addition, these responses persisted, albeit at low levels, for the duration of follow-up, despite a reduction in EBV load and resolution of clinical symptoms. Similar broad T-cell reactivity was consistently seen in all healthy virus carriers |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/bloodjournal/98/8/2588.full.pdf?sso-checked=true |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
