¿Ampliación de las oportunidades en la educación superior o democratización? Cuatro experiencias en América Latina

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Chiroleu, Adriana Rosa
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	En este ensayo se abordara la expansion de oportunidades en la educacion superior producida en las ultimas decadas en America Latina, una cuestion que adquiere singular relieve ante la profunda desigualdad social que padece la region. Aunque aquella es una condicion necesaria pero no suficiente para la democratizacion de este nivel, esa brecha no es habitualmente reconocida por las diversas perspectivas de analisis sobre el tema. A tal efecto, se revisara en primer lugar la discusion teorica proveniente de los aportes de la sociologia francesa que; permitira recoger la complejidad y matices de este concepto. Esta exploracion revelara que si bien la ampliacion de las oportunidades en el nivel superior supone cierto grado de democratizacion, no anula exclusiones anteriores ni asegura que los diferentes grupos sociales tengan las mismas chances de obtener resultados similares en el transito educativo. Por eso una definicion mas restringida de democratizacion debe poner el acento en la reduccion de las desigualdades sociales, proceso que no siempre acompana de manera lineal la expansion de las oportunidades. En segundo lugar, se analizaran las diversas modalidades que adopta una politica de expansion con objetivos coincidentes en cuatro casos nacionales (Argentina, Brasil, Mexico y Venezuela), un ejercicio comparativo que nos permitira reconocer sus alcances y limites en el proceso democratizador. In this essay, we will analyze the expansion of the opportunities for enrollment in Higher Education that have been taking place over the last decades in Latin America. This is a subject that becomes very important because of the critical social inequality that characterizes the region. Although that expansion is a necessary condition it doesn’t assure the democratization of the third educational level. Nevertheless, this gap is not often recognized by the different social perspectives of analysis. With this scope, in first time, we’ll revise the theoretical discussion that, especially with the contribution of the French sociology, tries to understand the complexities and different shades of this concept. In this sense, although the enlargement of the access to Higher Education supposes always a kind of democratization, it doesn’t cancel previous exclusion or implies similar opportunities of success in the academic institutions for different social groups. That is why a restrictive definition of democratization must emphasize the decrease of the social inequalities, a process that not always joins the expansion of opportunities. On the other hand, we’ll make an analysis of the different modalities that this policy, with the same goals, adopts in four different countries (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela). This analysis will let us acknowledge not only the national aspects of this issue but also what are the ranges and limits of these democratization policies in each of the countries discussed.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	24
Page Count	24
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
DOI	10.15517/aie.v13i3.12028
Volume Number	13
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://rephip.unr.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/2133/9723/CHIROLEU%20N%C2%BA%202.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=3
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://www.scielo.sa.cr/pdf/aie/v13n3/a24v13n3.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/aie/article/download/12028/18296
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.15517/aie.v13i3.12028
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article