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Patrones de desarrollo en América Latina: ¿Convergencia o caída en la trampa del ingreso medio?
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Sanguinetti, Pablo J. Villar, Leonardo |
| Copyright Year | 2012 |
| Abstract | America Latina cuenta con el mayor numero de paises de ingreso medio del mundo, sin embargo, durante la mayor parte del siglo XX las tasas de crecimiento per capita de los paises de la region fueron inferiores a aquellas de los paises desarrollados. Este fenomeno es tradicionalmente conocido como la ?trampa del ingreso medio?. Este documento evalua si la perdida del dinamismo del crecimiento es algo esperable a medida que se cierra la brecha del ingreso con las economias industriales. Durante la ultima decada, la mayoria de los paises de America Latina ha desempenado buenas gestiones macroeconomicas acompanadas de iniciativas sociales significativas y de progreso microeconomico sustancial, de condiciones economicas internacionales favorables. Sin embargo, la region todavia necesita atender problemas estructurales importantes: las enormes disparidades sociales, los bajos niveles de ahorro e inversion domestica, la excesiva concentracion de las exportaciones en materias primas y otros commodities de poco valor agregado, y la escasez de competitividad y productividad de las industrias relativa a aquella de otras regiones del mundo. En gran medida, estos cambios estructurales explican por que America Latina ha perdido relevancia en la economia mundial durante los ultimos 40 anos. Abstract. Latin America is the region with the highest number of middle income countries in the world. However, during most of the XX century, the per capita growth rates of the countries of our region have been lower than those of developed countries. This phenomenon is traditionally known as ?the middle income trap?. This paper evaluates if the loss of growth dynamism is something to be expected as the income gap with developed economies is reduced. During the past decade, most countries of Latin America have presented sound macroeconomic management, together with significant social initiatives, substantial microeconomic development, and favorable international conditions. Nonetheless, the region still needs to attend structural problems: enormous social disparities, low levels of domestic savings and investment, excessive concentration of exports in commodities with low added value, and the lack of relative productivity. To a great extent, these changes explain why Latin America has lost relevance in the world economy during the past 40 years. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.repository.fedesarrollo.org.co/bitstream/handle/11445/281/Co_Eco_Sem2_2012_Sanguinetti_Villar.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=2 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
