NDLI: A second gene for peroxisomal HMG-CoA reductase? A genomic reassessment.

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A second gene for peroxisomal HMG-CoA reductase? A genomic reassessment.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Breitling, Rainer Krisans, Skaidrite K.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, the rate-limiting step of eukaryotic isoprenoid biosynthesis, and is the main target of cholesterol-lowering drugs. The classical form of the enzyme is a transmembrane-protein anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum. However, during the last years several lines of evidence pointed to the existence of a second isoform of HMGCR localized in peroxisomes, where mevalonate is converted further to farnesyl diphosphate. This finding is relevant for our understanding of the complex regulation and compartmentalization of the cholesterogenic pathway. Here we review experimental evidence suggesting that the peroxisomal activity might be due to a second HMGCR gene in mammals. We then present a comprehensive analysis of completely sequenced eukaryotic genomes, as well as the human and mouse genome drafts. Our results provide evidence for a large number of independent duplications of HMGCR in all eukaryotic kingdoms, but not for a second gene in mammals. We conclude that the peroxisomal HMGCR activity in mammals is due to alternative targeting of the ER enzyme to peroxisomes by an as yet uncharacterized mechanism.
Starting Page	496
Ending Page	498
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://gbic.biol.rug.nl/~rbreitling/publications/PeroxisomalHMGCR.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://www.brc.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~rb106x/publications/PeroxisomalHMGCR.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://www.jlr.org/content/43/12/2031.full.pdf
PubMed reference number	12454262v1
Volume Number	43
Issue Number	12
Journal	Journal of lipid research
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A Anabolism Cholesterol Endoplasmic Reticulum Genome HMGCR protein, human Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase Isoprenoids Mammals Mevalonate acyl-CoA dehydrogenase farnesyl pyrophosphate isoprenoid biosynthetic process peroxisomal peroxisome
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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