Walnuts and fatty fish influence different serum lipid fractions in normal to mildly hyperlipidemic individuals: a randomized controlled study.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Rajaram, Sujatha S. Haddad, Ella H. Mejía, Alfredo Campos Sabaté, Joan
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	BACKGROUND Increased consumption of n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids decreases the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether walnuts (plant n-3 fatty acid) and fatty fish (marine n-3 fatty acid) have similar effects on serum lipid markers at intakes recommended for primary prevention of CHD. DESIGN In a randomized crossover feeding trial, 25 normal to mildly hyperlipidemic adults consumed 3 isoenergetic diets ( approximately 30% total fat and <10% saturated fat) for 4 wk each: a control diet (no nuts or fish), a walnut diet (42.5 g walnuts/10.1 mJ), or a fish diet (113 g salmon, twice/wk). Fasting blood was drawn at baseline and at the end of each diet period and analyzed for serum lipids. RESULTS Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations in adults who followed the walnut diet (4.87 +/- 0.18 and 2.77 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively) were lower than in those who followed the control diet (5.14 +/- 0.18 and 3.06 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively) and those who followed the fish diet (5.33 +/- 0.18 and 3.2 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.0001). The fish diet resulted in decreased serum triglyceride and increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations (1.0 +/- 0.11 and 1.23 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, respectively) compared with the control diet (1.12 +/- 0.11 and 1.19 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, respectively) and the walnut diet (1.11 +/- 0.11 mmol/L, P < 0.05, and 1.18 +/- 0.05 mmol/L, P < 0.001, respectively). The ratios of total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B:apolipoprotein A-I were lower (P < 0.05) in those who followed the walnut diet compared with those who followed the control and fish diets. CONCLUSION Including walnuts and fatty fish in a healthy diet lowered serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, respectively, which affects CHD risk favorably.
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PubMed reference number	19339404v1
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736S
DOI	10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736s
Journal	The American journal of clinical nutrition
Volume Number	89
Issue Number	5
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Apolipoprotein A-I Apolipoproteins A Apolipoproteins B BaseLine dental cement Cholesterol Coronary Artery Disease Fatty Acids, Omega-6 Healthy Diet Heart Diseases Juglans Lipids measurement Nuts Omega-3 Fatty Acids Platelet Glycoprotein 4, human Saturated fat Serum Triglyceride Measurement Triglycerides Walnut Nut millimole
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article