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Genetic tracing of foot-and-mouth disease virus during the UK 2001 outbreak
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Cottam, Eleanor M. Haydon, Daniel T. Paton, David James William Gloster, John Wilesmith, John W. Ferris, Nigel P. Hutchings, Geoff H. King, Donald P. |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | The RNA virus that causes foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a pathogen of global economic importance infecting cloven-hoofed animals. It is evident from previous studies that FMDV mutation rates are high, but it is much less clear to what extent the genetic diversity accumulates over the course of an outbreak. RNA viruses, such as HIV, have been shown to change at such a rate that it is possible to trace the transmission history of the virus. This project aimed to determine if complete genome sequence data of FMDV could also achieve this and map farm to farm transmission events aiding analysis of epidemiological clusters of specific interest. Complete genome consensus sequences of FMDV were recovered directly from epithelium tissue acquired from farms infected during the 2001 UK FMD epidemic. Nucleotide changes across the genome were found to accumulate at a rate of 1.5 substitutions per farm to farm transfer. Known patterns of spread of the virus in the early stages of the outbreak are exactly reproduced by statistical parsimony-based analyses of the sequence data. Later on in the outbreak when the routes of farm-to-farm infection were less certain, there were cases where the genetic data support transmission histories different from those suggested by conventional contact tracing studies. The results suggest that the order of inter-farm transmission events can be reliably retrieved, even within clusters of neighbouring farms that are infected immediately after one another. Full genome sequence analysis of Pan Asia O FMD virus from the 2001 epidemic shows that viral RNA consensus sequences evolve over the course of an epidemic at a rate that allows detailed transmission histories to be reconstructed. Complete capsid or VP1 sequence data alone cannot achieve this degree of resolution. The ability to recover particular transmission pathways of FMDV from genetic data will help resolve uncertainties about virus spread providing invaluable real-time information regarding control of future epidemics. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.fao.org/ag/AGAInfo/commissions/en/documents/reports/paphos/App21.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
