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Influence of horn flies and breed type on milk production, calf production traits, pasture behavior, and temperament measurements in beef cattle
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Mays, A. R. |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | An experiment conducted in El Reno, Oklahoma during the fly season (May – September/October) evaluated the effects of horn flies on milk production, calf performance, and pasture behavior and temperament measurements of beef cow calf pairs. Cows (n = 53) sired by Bonsmara (BONS; n = 7), Brangus (BRAN; n = 13), Charolais (CHAR; n = 8), Gelbvieh (GELV; n = 5), Hereford (HERF; n = 12), and Romosinuano (ROMO; n = 8) from Brangus dams and their Angus sired calves (n = 51) were used in the study. Horn fly counts (HFC) and milk yield and quality estimates were collected every 28 d from May to October. Pasture behavior (grazing, standing or lying) was recorded monthly twice a day (AM and PM). Exit velocity (EV) and chute score (CS) were obtained from cows and calves monthly. Monthly HFC differed (P < 0.0001), with populations lesser in May (94±42 flies) and greater in August (503±41 flies). The regression coefficients for milk yield on log HFC were not consistent across sire breed (P < 0.05), with milk yield reduced 0.99 and 0.64 kg/d per unit increase in log HFC in GELV and BONS. The regression coefficients of preweaning ADG on log HFC depended on sire breed (P < 0.10), with results indicating preweaning ADG reduced by 0.19 kg/d per one unit increase in HFC in BONS calves (P < 0.05), but not other breeds. A one unit increase in log HFC resulted in 0.07 kg/d (P < 0. 10) increase in postweaning average daily gain (ADG), 19.52 kg increase (P < 0.10) in 365-d adjusted yearling weight (YWT), and 0.05 kg/d (P < 0.02) increase in birth to yearling ADG. Pasture PM behavior was associated with HFC (P < 0.05), with standing cows having fewer flies than those grazing and lying (319 ± 27 vs. 468 ± 52 and 419 ± 38 flies). Exit velocity of cows (P < 0.0001) and calves (P < 0.05) differed monthly. Results from study clearly demonstrated HFC affected milk production, calf performance, and pasture behavior and temperament measurements. This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council Dissertation Directors: __________________________________ Dr. Charles F. Rosenkrans, Jr. Dissertation Committee: __________________________________ Dr. Nicholas B. Anthony __________________________________ Dr. Michael A. Brown __________________________________ Dr. Hayden A. Brown, Jr. __________________________________ Dr. Michael L. Looper DISSERTATION DUPLICATION RELEASE I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this dissertation when needed for research and/or scholarship Agreed __________________________________ Angela Rene Mays Refused __________________________________ Angela Rene Mays ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgement alone does not allow me to express my appreciation and gratitude to those who have helped me get this far. I want to start with my advisors, because without each of you this goal could not have been achieved. Dr. Brown and Dr. Rosenkrans, I will never be able to put into words how much your guidance and mentoring has meant to me. Dr. Rosenkrans your faith in me has never wavered and your kind words, smiling face, and priceless advice over these three years will never be forgotten. Dr. Brown the tasks we have accomplished, challenges we have overcome, enduring advice, and sincere conversations we have had have helped mold me not only into a scientist but a better person. You both have contributed to making me the person I am today and you will forever hold a special place in my heart. To my committee members, Dr. Anthony, Dr., Brown and Dr. Looper, this journey would not have been the same without for the men who make up this committee. Dr. Anthony, the impression you made my first semester will be everlasting. The dynamic you have brought to this committee with your knowledge and belief in me will remain with me for years to come. Dr. Brown you too had a remarkable belief in me. I appreciated the relationship we formed and am proud we had the opportunity to work together. Dr. Looper you have been a wonderful role model and inspiration in my life and future career. It has been a privilege to work with you, get to know you, and experience ASAS board trips together. I feel blessed to have met each of you, worked with you, and got to know you. The impact you have made on my life will continue to influence me as a person and my future decisions as a scientist, and I can only hope to someday have the impact on someone that you had on me. To others who have left an impression, I thank you. Dr. Apple you have always been caring and sincere and I have always appreciated your words and advice. Dr. Coffey, Dr. Kegley, Dr. Kreider, Dr. Kumar, Dr. Powell, Dr. Tucker and Dr. Yazwinsky thank you for allowing me to get to know you and for impacting my life in ways you all are probably not even aware. The secretaries: Linda, Khalissa, Hadley, Jeannie, Diana, and Connie thank you for being the kind faces and backbone of this department. Getting to know you has made my time here more enjoyable and I appreciate all of your hard work and everything you have done for me. My sincerest acknowledgement goes out to my family; Mom, Dad, Shelly, Sarah, and Houston. Mom and Dad you have always believed in me and encouraged me to be whatever I wanted. You both have set an example of what unconditional love is and I cannot thank you enough for all you have done. Shelly, you hurt when I hurt, celebrate when I celebrate and never take for granted our twin time. You have helped me through these past three years in ways I will never be able to express in words, but as my identical twin I know I do not have to because you already know. Sarah, I am proud of who you are, who you have become, and who you want to be. For you and Houston both; remember you can be anything you want and hopefully my journey has inspired you to truly believe this and believe in yourselves. This has been the longest journey of my life and reaching the end would not have been possible without my families love and support. Words cannot express the overwhelming appreciation and love I have for you all. Our family is and has always been the strong foundation that holds all of us together. When one of us is weak the others are there to hold and support. Your support and love has provided the strength I needed to succeed in this challenge and it will continue to provide the strength I need to succeed in the future. Lastly, I want to thank God for leading me down the path he chose and for providing me with the strength I needed to finish the journey. DEDICATION I want to dedicate this dissertation, this degree, and this journey to my husband Travis Mays. You have stood by me, supported me, and held me up. You have provided for me, believed in me, and encouraged me. These past three years have had their challenges and obstacles, but we have overcome them together and created a wonderful family and life in the process. I cannot wait to start the next chapter. Thank you for being my best friend, husband, and the love of my life. You ask what I’m doing, and I say, “Loving you”. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://scholarworks.uark.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710&context=etd&httpsredir=1&referer= |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
