Lewis acid zeolites for tandem Diels–Alder cycloaddition and dehydration of biomass-derived dimethylfuran and ethylene to renewable p-xylene

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Chang, Chun Chih Yu, Jingye Gorte, Raymond J. Gulbinski, Jason Dauenhauer, Paul J.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Lewis acid zeolites including Zr-, Sn-, and Ti-BEA were examined for tandem [4 + 2] Diels–Alder cycloaddition of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) and ethylene to oxanorbornene with subsequent dehydration to produce biorenewable p-xylene. Zr-BEA (Si/Zr = 168) exhibited superior performance with improved recalcitrance to deactivation, which was attributed to its low activity for the hydrolysis of DMF to 2,5-hexanedione and subsequent condensation. Zr-BEA also achieved the highest selectivity to p-xylene of 90% at 99% conversion of DMF. For low catalyst loading within a three-phase reactor, the reaction rate to form p-xylene was linearly proportional to the number of Lewis acid sites, while high catalyst loading exhibited zero order dependence on Lewis acid sites. A maximum achievable reaction rate was shown to be consistent with a transition in rate-limiting reactions from dehydration of oxanorbornene, the Diels–Alder product, to the Diels–Alder cycloaddition of DMF and ethylene.
Starting Page	1368
Ending Page	1376
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1039/C5GC02164B
Volume Number	18
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/getauthorversionpdf/C5GC02164B
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.1039/C5GC02164B
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article