Loading...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Similar Documents
Analyse comparée des chaines de valeur du riz dans la plaine de la Ruzizi de la Communauté Economique des pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Mirindi, Germaine Furaha |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | This thesis aims at carrying out a comparative study of three rice value chains in the Ruzizi plain shared between three countries of the Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL) namely Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda. These include the Burundi rice value chain (Imbo Plain), the Congolese rice value chain (Ruzizi Plain) and the Rwandan rice value chain (Bugarama Plain). The diagnostic analysis was about analyzing the rice-farming environment (ie policies and support services accessed by actors along the value chain), analyzing economic performance of these three value chains and to identify the factors that may foster the development of a value chain with a regional potential. For this purpose, the study adopted the field approach, which allowed carrying out investigations during three years (2013 to 2015). The data collection process involved a sample of 228 actors distributed equitably among the three countries. It combined several techniques, namely, direct stakeholder surveys (producers, processors, collectors, wholesalers and retailers), interviews with various support structures and state services, focus group discussions with producer groups and representatives of their organizations. The analysis of these three value chains driving conditions linked the policies implemented in each country and the access by the actors to certain production factors and services such as land, water, credit and the use of inputs. It also highlighted the issue of wage labor and its different roles in the sector. The analysis shows that land policy in Bugarama plain in Rwanda has reduced the cost of land to more than half compared to land costs in Burundi and the DRC. Moreover, this policy is accused by the producers of Bugarama of limiting their entrepreneurial innovations since they can not enlarge their farms (the cultivated area is 0.23 ha). Despite the high cost of water access and management, all rice plots access irrigation water in Rwanda, while the lack of organization and good water management is one of the factors behind low yields in Burundi and the DRC, where 25% and 40% of the rice plots have difficulties in accessing water. Regarding access to agricultural credit, the results reveal that the value chain of rice in the three countries experiences the lack of funding in spite of improvements observed in Rwanda. The rate of access to credit is 17.5% (in Burundi), 16% (in DRC) and 52.8% (in Rwanda), and among them rice farmers with access to formal credits account for only 8% (in Burundi), 10% (in the DRC) and 37.5% (in Rwanda). Analysis of the wage labour force shows that labor is not as widely available as was thought in the study area. Indeed, the DRC is the zone of deficit in wage labor due to the rural exodus and the diversity of economic activities. In the DRC, 60% of the rice workforce used is foreign, including 46% from Burundi and 14% from Rwanda. This mobility of the workforce leads to technology transfers, the supply of inputs at lower cost, but also to consolidate the social cohesion in a post-conflict context. The economic analysis of these three value chains reveals that production costs in the study area remain very high, varying between 292 and 388USD per ton. The highest costs are observed in the DRC where paradoxically there is a better financial performance in terms of profit and added value. The statistical tests carried out on certain parameters identified by the financial analysis undermines the policies regarding the inputs subsidies, agricultural financing and fixing sales prices. Indeed, there are no significant differences between the means of rice farmers who benefit from these policies and those who do not. Paradoxically, statistical analyzes reveal that rice farmers not affected by the pricing policy (they are not price takers) have a good financial performance in terms of income. The three studied areas are complementary in terms of the development potentials of a regional value chain. Indeed, Rwanda has modern underutilization peeling plants that are capable of responding almost entirely to the needs of the whole plain. In addition, Burundi and the DRC should develop land and water potentials to increase production. Several other regional structures in favor of the regional value chain have to be relaunched or strengthened in logic of rice development in the Ruzizi plain. These include the benefits of economic integration of the CEPGL countries. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/215183/1/THESE%20Germaine%20oct2017.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
