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Alzheimer ’ s Disease and Immune Response : A Brief Overview
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Mishra, Shailendra Kumar |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegeneration disease, which it occurs degeneration of the neurons. 60% to 70% of cases of dementia are caused by AD [1]. The early symptom of AD is short-term memory loss and in chronic, it is characterized by language problems, insidious in onset problems, impairment of activities, mood swings, loss of motivation, hoarding, not managing self-care and behavioral issues. Finally, bodies’ functions are lost and leading to death. It is mostly occurred in people over 65 years of age [2]. AD is neuropathologically characterized by amyloid beta plaques surrounded by neurons containing neurofibrillary tangles in the brain [3]. Formative event in AD, production of Amyloid beta is the result of cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) which amyloid beta is high in AD [4]. APP plays important role in developmental processes in cell differentiation and establishment of synapses [5] whereas the function of APP is not clear properly in adult brain [4]. Tau protein is an integral part of microtubules in healthy neurons and support to nutrients, vesicles, mitochondria and chromosomes. The hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein results into formation of neurofibrillary tangles which aggregates intracellularly and cause neuronal death [6]. Inflammation is clearly seen in pathologically vulnerable region of the AD brain [7]. Immune cells as Microglia, astrocytes and neurons are liable for inflammatory reaction that activate and produce inflammatory mediators to clear cellular debris from the damage area [8]. The purpose of this review article is to brief introduction about Alzheimer disease and the related concept of immune response. The article emphasizes cellular neuroimmunological aspects of AD. In addition, the article describes advances in the use of immunotherapy for treatment of AD and highlights ongoing efforts to develop novel therapies. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/alzheimers-disease-and-immune-response-a-brief-overview-2161-0460-1000371.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Cell Differentiation process Cessation of life Chromosomes Dementia Floor and ceiling functions Immunotherapy Memory Disorders Mood Disorders Nerve Degeneration Neurofibrillary degeneration (morphologic abnormality) Neuron Nutrients Onset (audio) Parkinson Disease Self Care outcome Senile Plaques Synapses Vesicle (morphologic abnormality) nervous system disorder |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
