NDLI: Appendix B. Asynchronous Token Ring Communications B.1 Design Criteria for the Local Area Network

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Appendix B. Asynchronous Token Ring Communications B.1 Design Criteria for the Local Area Network

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Topology, Physical
Abstract	A fully distributed expert system implies some means for the individual experts to communicate-in brief, a local area network. For this research, the network must meet the following goals: a) Inexpensive. It defeats the purpose of using inexpensive microcontrollers, if the network interface is expensive or requires custom logic. Ideally, the network interface should require only the "standard" asynchronous serial port, and no external hardware. b) Fiber optic capable. A particle accelerator is an "electrically hostile" environment. Also, it is desireable to place control microprocessors inside various high-voltage cages. A network which can be carried on fiber optic cable is needed. c) Open-ended. The network should support a variable, and possibly large, number of stations. d) Peer-to-peer. The reasoning model is a "society of experts," each of whom is free to consult with, or advise, any other. Thus peer-to-peer communication is essential. e) Broadcast. Frequently, one station must advise many, or all, stations of a change in some fact. The network must allow broadcast messages from any station. f) Deterministic. Deterministic protocols are preferred for real-time control, guaranteeing an upper bound on time for one station to access the net, and for a message to be sent. Maximimizing the utilization of this low cost (and presumably low speed) network is also desirable. Three physical topologies were considered for the local area network: bus, star, and ring. The physical bus is widely used. It is open-ended and can be implemented on many embedded microcontrollers (Butler, 1991, 1992). Deterministic protocols exist which support peer-to-peer and broadcast messages. Its chief disadvantage is the difficulty of using fiber optic links. While fiber optics 102
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