Loading...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Similar Documents
The Gut: A Key to the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes?
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Holst, Jens Juul Pedersen, Jens Albrechtsen, Nicolai J. Wewer Knop, Filip K. Krag |
| Copyright Year | 2017 |
| Abstract | In this communication we discuss the role of the gut for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gastric emptying rates importantly determine postprandial glucose excursions and regulate postprandial secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). It thereby also determines their powerful, amplifying effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion and thus the ability of the body to regulate glucose disposal. Although disturbances in gastric emptying are not consistent findings in type 2 diabetes, the incretin system is seriously impaired, probably associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Both of the incretin hormones lose (part of) their insulinotropic activity resulting, together with (genetically) defective beta cell function, in the impaired postprandial insulin secretion of T2DM. In addition, glucagon responses are inappropriately increased and importantly contribute to both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. This may involve stimulation by GIP, but evidence also points to a role of circulating amino acids, which are elevated due to steatosis-induced impaired glucagon-mediated hepatic clearance, in line with recent work suggesting that the alpha cells and the liver are linked in a close, amino acid-mediated feedback circuit. Thus, the gut plays an important role in the development of T2DM spurred by overeating and defective beta cells. |
| Starting Page | 259 |
| Ending Page | 262 |
| Page Count | 4 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://juniperpublishers.com/crdoj/pdf/CRDOJ.MS.ID.555570.pdf |
| PubMed reference number | 28605280v1 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2017.0015 |
| DOI | 10.1089/met.2017.0015 |
| Journal | Metabolic syndrome and related disorders |
| Volume Number | 15 |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Amino Acids Cell physiology Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent Fatty degeneration GIP gene Gastric Emptying Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Gastroparesis Glucagon Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptors Glucose Hyperglycemia Incretins Insulin Resistance Obesity Polypeptides Structure of beta Cell of islet insulin secretion |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
