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Cfd Simulations of Road Tunnel Fires to Estimate the Influence of Ventilation Systems on Safety
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Ciambelli |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Abstract | A computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) code, JASMINE (BRE), was employed for the simulation of a gasoline pool fire in a tunnel subsequent to a spill from a road tanker involved in an accident. The simulation was performed on a real three-lane one-way tunnel, about 800 m long, situated on a road highway in the Southern Italy with intensive traffic of vehicles and trucks. This hypothetical tunnel fire scenario was studied to investigate the effect of natural (in case of stable or unstable atmospheric conditions), longitudinal (by axial fans) and semitransverse ventilations (through either supplying or extracting ducts). Simulations provided an useful mean for gaining an insight of the region of the studied fire and for predicting the escape probabilities for the passengers, under different tunnel ventilation conditions. Results in terms of gas temperature, O2 and CO2 concentration and visibility for illuminated signs were compared to safety conditions values, and to the presumed location of escaping pedestrians, in order to evaluate if people can safely run away the tunnel. Results showed that for the studied tunnel fire scenario, the use of a mechanical ventilation system may allow safer people evacuation and rescue. In particular, the longitudinal ventilation proved to be more effective than the semi-transverse ventilation, in both exhaust and supply mode. In contrast, in the absence of any forced ventilation system consequences on safety can be serious because of the rapid increase of temperature and smoke concentration that strongly compromise the possibility for people to safely evacuate the tunnel. In Italy, according to the ANAS directives for tunnel safety, only in particular cases tunnels shorter than 1000 m have to be equipped with ventilation systems. Simulation results, on the contrary, well agree with European guidelines, that recommend mechanical ventilation systems for one-way road tunnels longer than 500 m. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://lampx.tugraz.at/~tunnel2016/history/Tunnel_2006_CD/Papers_Tunnel_2006/Poster_Vaccaro.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
