Programas de Garantia de Renda Mínima no Brasil: análise do impacto das transferências de renda sobre a pobreza

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Hamasaki, Cláudia Satie
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	The motivation of this thesis remains on the frequent arguments regarding to the persistence of the numbers on poverty incidence in Brazil. The experiences of reduction of the poverty levels has been associated to the periods of economic growth, that had become very modest since 80’s. The social indicators show that the proportion of poor has being estimated at 30% of the population, suggesting that poverty incidence remains high in the last two decades. This research examines the main problems related to poverty and its traps, and looks at the role of poverty alleviation policies in the current social and economic context. The solution of the social problems remains as an important challenge in terms of public policies and, in this direction, guaranteed minimum income programs have being pointed as an important antipoverty policy. This thesis attempts to evaluate the implications of this anti-poverty policy to poverty alleviation and inaquality reduction. In doing so, the objective is to analyze the impact of the different schemes of guaranteed minimum income programs, stressing the analysis on its effectiveness in attending to who needs more. Given the pressure on the social systems of protection, that find itself with more difficulties in improving their contributions to poverty alleviation, the research is concerned in analyzing the different schemes of cash social transfer programs and the implications to the different groups of the population, in special to poorer population. To do so, it used the informations of the Nacional Household Survey sample of PNAD-IBGE, for 1999, and a microssimulation model. In the simulations, the results had shown that the effects of poverty reduction (or the effects on the incidence of poverty, that is determined by the proportion of the population who falls below a per capita family income of half of the national minimun wage) are reduced, although there are important strikings on the reduction of the intensity of the poverty. In terms of effectiveness, the necessary resources to achieve poverty reduction are relatively few. It would be necessary, annually, around 2% of the national GDP on the most including programs. The simulations had also shown that it has some success in targeting the actions directed to those families in situation of risk, those headed by people of lower level of education (less scholarship) and with more kids. As long run effects, there are important contributions to promote the equity and on social mobility. The access to education, associated to social programs (as Bolsaescola) that requires the frequency of children to the school and understood as a mechanism to access new opportunities in the future, can guarantee the reduction of the inaqualities in the long run. Doing so, this thesis aimed to construct the defense of social policies inciatives that, althought including shy effects of short run, show important implications in the long run, preventing the perpetuation of the vicious circle of the social exclusion that has condemned this Country to the reproduction of the inaquality, cause and effect of the poverty. KEY-WORDS: Poverty, Inaquality, Social Policies, Guaranteed Minimum Income, Education.
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Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article