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Floodplain dynamics in North American permafrost regions under a warming climate and implications for organic carbon stocks: A review and synthesis
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Lininger, Katherine B. Wohl, Ellen E. |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Abstract | Abstract Although there have been studies on changes to hydrology in permafrost regions and exports of nutrients and organic matter to the Arctic Ocean, little is known about how geomorphic dynamics of rivers in permafrost regions will change in the future under a warming climate and the effects of those changes on floodplains. We focus on river dynamics in the context of channel-floodplain interactions and the implications for organic carbon storage in floodplains. As sites of nutrient processing and storage of sediments and organic matter, changes in channel and floodplain form and process will impact sediment yields, nutrient and organic matter export to the Arctic Ocean, aquatic and riparian habitat, and infrastructure. We present a review of the factors influencing reach-scale river dynamics, using the framework of factors affecting erosive force and erosional resistance of banks and floodplain surfaces, which will change due to a warming climate. We summarize studies indicating how observed and modeled trends in these factors will affect erosive force and erosional resistance in the future. We then hypothesize the net effects that these changes will have on the ratio of erosive force to erosional resistance, and the cascading effects on channel and floodplain form and process. We describe two scenarios that could occur under different conditions in the form of conceptual models, one in which the ratio of erosive force and erosional resistance decreases, and one in which the ratio increases. An increase in the ratio of erosive force to erosional resistance due to a reduction in permafrost extent and depth and an overall increase in discharge would increase bank erosion, bank failures, sediment supply, and lateral channel migration rates, decreasing floodplain turnover time and the age of riparian vegetation. A decrease in the ratio of erosive force to erosional resistance due to a reduction in erosive force relative to sediment supply would cause enhanced deposition within the river corridor. Regardless of which scenario may occur, changes in channel process and form will influence the ratio of lateral to vertical accretion, change the nature and stored amount of floodplain sediment, and change the sources and storage of organic carbon within floodplains. |
| Starting Page | 24 |
| Ending Page | 44 |
| Page Count | 21 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.02.024 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://sites.warnercnr.colostate.edu/fluvial-geomorphology/wp-content/uploads/sites/53/2019/09/Lininger-Wohl-ESR-arctic-fp-review-small.pdf |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.02.024 |
| Volume Number | 193 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
