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Risk Factors for Tuberculosis and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Complications among Foreign-Born Persons in Houston, Texas
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Isaboke, James N. |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | Risk Factors for Tuberculosis and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Complications among Foreign-Born Persons in Houston, Texas by James N. Isaboke MS, Texas Southern University, 2010 MS, University of Nairobi, 1980 BS, University of Nairobi, 1975 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Epidemiology Walden University January, 2016 Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health problem across the world. For various reasons, TB and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have increased. Clarification on TB/HIV co-infection and homelessness as risk factors for TB and MDR-TB is required to inform policy interventions to reduce TB-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In this quantitative study, data from the Houston Health Department (N = 341) were analyzed to explore the relationship between TB and MDR-TB outcomes and TB/HIV co-infection and type of housing/homelessness. Foreign-born persons are disproportionately affected in the United States. The socio-ecological model provided a theoretical framework for the investigation. Multiple and logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships between variables, controlling for age and gender. Results indicate that HIV infected persons were more likely than non-infected persons to contract TB, and homeless persons were more likely than non-homeless persons to contract TB/MDR-TB, suggesting that high TB/HIV co-infection rates increase prevalence of TB and MDR-TB while improvements in housing reduce prevalence of TB and MDR-TB. However, no significant associations between variables were found. The odds ratio, Exp(B) = 0.000, p ≥ 0.90, 95% Cl [0.000, with no upper bound values] was observed for both independent variables. Regular screening for TB/HIV co-infection among persons with high TB and MDR-TB risk profiles is recommended. Further investigation is required. Inclusion of more covariates could further elucidate more evidence of an association between variables. Study findings may support interventions to reduce TB-related morbidity, leading to positive social change.Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health problem across the world. For various reasons, TB and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have increased. Clarification on TB/HIV co-infection and homelessness as risk factors for TB and MDR-TB is required to inform policy interventions to reduce TB-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In this quantitative study, data from the Houston Health Department (N = 341) were analyzed to explore the relationship between TB and MDR-TB outcomes and TB/HIV co-infection and type of housing/homelessness. Foreign-born persons are disproportionately affected in the United States. The socio-ecological model provided a theoretical framework for the investigation. Multiple and logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships between variables, controlling for age and gender. Results indicate that HIV infected persons were more likely than non-infected persons to contract TB, and homeless persons were more likely than non-homeless persons to contract TB/MDR-TB, suggesting that high TB/HIV co-infection rates increase prevalence of TB and MDR-TB while improvements in housing reduce prevalence of TB and MDR-TB. However, no significant associations between variables were found. The odds ratio, Exp(B) = 0.000, p ≥ 0.90, 95% Cl [0.000, with no upper bound values] was observed for both independent variables. Regular screening for TB/HIV co-infection among persons with high TB and MDR-TB risk profiles is recommended. Further investigation is required. Inclusion of more covariates could further elucidate more evidence of an association between variables. Study findings may support interventions to reduce TB-related morbidity, leading to positive social change. Risk Factors for Tuberculosis and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Complications among Foreign-Born Persons in Houston, Texas by James N. Isaboke MS, Texas Southern University, 2010 MS, University of Nairobi, 1980 BS, University of Nairobi, 1975 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Epidemiology Walden University January, 2016 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the following people: My wife, Ruth Kerubo Nyarenchi, for her unswerving support and patience enduring my long absence attending to a paucity of study activities and events throughout the dissertation and doctoral study process. My mother, Peris Moraa, and father, Matagaro Mirambo, who instilled in me a passion for higher purpose, tenacious spirit of learning, and inspiration to excel in my endeavors. During this entire process, Almighty God has always been my helper, protector, and provider of strength to succeed. Acknowledgement Many people have made invaluable contribution to my dissertation and the doctoral study process. First, I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to the Walden University community, particularly my dissertation chair Dr. Nicoletta Alexander for her epidemiologic expertise, exemplary guidance, and mentorship; Dr. Scott Hershberger, my methodology expert, and Dr. David Segal, the URR representative on my supervisory committee, for their unfailing support. My university professors, university administrative team, technical support, library personnel, and many of my classmates have been a source of encouragement, inspiration, and determination during this entire grueling, nevertheless, empowering, and humbling experience. I would also like to thank my wife Ruth Kerubo Nyarenchi once again, my children, and grandchildren for their patience, understanding, and support throughout the doctoral journey and dissertation process. Without the input of all these people, it would not have been possible to report the achievements and outcome of my doctoral enterprise, and I am deeply indebted and honored by their generous contributions towards the accomplishment of this dissertation process, and the doctoral studies in particular. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3000&context=dissertations&httpsredir=1&referer= |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3000&context=dissertations |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3000&context=dissertations |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
