Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Adipocytes Is Equally Induced by Insulin and Proinsulin In Vitro

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Pfützner, Andreas Schipper, Dorothee Pansky, Andreas Kleinfeld, Claudia Roitzheim, Barbara Tobiasch, Edda
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Background and Objectives In advanced β-cell dysfunction, proinsulin is increasingly replacing insulin as major component of the secretion product. It has been speculated that proinsulin has at least the same adipogenic potency than insulin, leading to an increased tendency of lipid tissue formation in patients with late stage β-cell dysfunction. Methods and Results Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from liposuction material were grown in differentiation media containing insulin (0.01 μmol), proinsulin (0.01 μmol) or insulin+proinsulin (each 0.005 μmol). Cell culture supernatants were taken from these experiments and an untreated control at weeks 1, 2, and 3, and were stored at -80°C until analysis. Cell differentiation was microscopically supervised and adiponectin concentrations were measured as marker for differentiation into mature lipid cells. This experiment was repeated three times. No growth of lipid cells and no change in adiponectin values was observed in the negative control group (after 7/14/12 days: 3.2±0.5/3.3±0.1/4.4±0.5 ng/ml/12 h). A continuous differentiation into mature adipocytes (also confirmed by Red-Oil-staining) and a corresponding increase in adiponectin values was observed in the experiments with insulin (3.6±1.9/5.1±1.4/13.3±1.5 ng/ml/12 h; p<0.05 week 1 vs. week 3) and proinsulin (3.3±1.2/3.5±0.3/12.2±1.2 ng/ml/12 h; p<0.05). Comparable effects were seen with the insulin/proinsulin combination. Conclusions Proinsulin has the same adipogenic potential than insulin in vitro. Proinsulin has only 10∼20% of the glucose-lowering effect of insulin. It can be speculated that the adipogenic potential of proinsulin may be a large contributor to the increased body weight problems in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced β-cell dysfunction.
Starting Page	154
Ending Page	159
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/a5/ijsc-10-154.PMC5741196.pdf
PubMed reference number	29186653v1
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc17033
DOI	10.15283/ijsc17033
Journal	International journal of stem cells
Volume Number	10
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Adipocytes Assay of Proinsulin Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent Glucose In Vitro [Publication Type] Insulin Leukemia, B-Cell Mesenchymal Stem Cells Patients Proinsulin, human Staining method mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article