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Das transtheoretische Modell der Verhaltensänderung im Kontext körperlicher Aktivität bei Jugendlichen
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Bucksch, Jens |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | Background: Physical activity (PA) in adolescence is an important public health issue. Regular participation in PA is associated with various health benefits. But problems of motivational adherence to PA have been documented. In addition a steep decline of activity levels occurs in adolescence. Evidence-based strategies to promote PA have to bear on theories of behaviour change. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is an established theory of behaviour change and the model has been served as a framework when designing tailored interventions in adults. In youth, studies on TTM in the context of PA have been scarcely conducted. Independent of the target group, the entire TTM consisting of stages of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance and processes of change has not been extensively investigated. Purpose: The TTM assumes that a specific pattern of processes of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy differentiates the five stages of change. In addition PA increases across the stages of change and people in the post-action stages fulfill the recommendations for healthenhancing PA to improve health. Main focus of the recent examination was to explore these assumptions in a sample of adolescents, because the most studies have been conducted with adults. The addressed hypotheses are analysed with respect to a wide interpretation of PA (public health perspective). Methods: A questionnaire was developed for the target group. The quality and practicability of the questionnaire was tested among 14to 16-years old boys (n=61) and girls (n=69) from two comprehensive schools from Bremen. For the main inquiry a cross-sectional design was used. A random sample of seven junior high schools from Bremen (Germany) resulted in a sample of 598 adolescents (50.5% males, mean age = 15.0). In addition to some descriptive statistics the quality of the questionnaire was examined by confirmatory and factor analysis. With respects to the main hypotheses univariate analysis of variance followed-up with Scheffés multiple comparison test was generally used. To verify the entire TTM discriminant analysis was used. Results: The adolescents were above-average physically active. 29.5% of the the girls and 36.5% of the boys accomplished the recommendation of health-enhancing PA. Distribution of the sample across the stages was: precontemplation, n=175 (29.3%); contemplation, n=135 (22.6%); preparation, n=63 (10.5%); action, n=20 (3.3%); maintenance, n=195 (32.6%). The applicability of the questionnaire was acceptable. The construct validity of the staging algorythm was limited. Significant effects for stages of change were found for self-efficacy, pros and seven of the ten processes of change. In general, the scores of these constructs increase across the stages of change and Scheffés post-hoc analyses revealed at least differences between precontemplation and one other stage. Cons did not differ significantly across stages. An interaction between gender and stages was not found. Differences between girls and boys with respect to specific caracteristics were evident (e.g. PA). Discriminant analysis predicted group membership which was similar to the theoretical assumptions of the TTM. Conclusions: A large part of adolescent girls and boys are not sufficiently physically active. Seeking for population based interventions in youth are of top priority. From a public health vantage tailored interventions based on TTM seem to be fruitful. The results give support for some of the assumptions of the TTM in a German sample of adolescents. Some findings of this study raise questions about the usefulness of five discrete stages. Scores of most constructs of TTM increase but did not differentiated between each of the stages. The concept of different motivational stages of change provides important hints for the development of a tailored intervention. Some issues to promote PA with tailored information were finally discussed from a standpoint of public health. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://elib.suub.uni-bremen.de/diss/docs/00010742.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
