Dehydrogenase based reagentless biosensor for monitoring phenylketonuria.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Weiss, David J. Dorris, Megan K. Loh, Amanda S. Peterson, Laura E.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disease characterized by an inability to metabolize the amino acid l-phenylalanine. The resulting buildup leads to brain damage and ultimately mental retardation in children if their phenylalanine intake is not carefully controlled. The National Institutes of Health recently suggested that people with PKU monitor their phenylalanine levels throughout their life and be put on a low phenylalanine diet. As an alternative approach to analysis using blood, this paper describes the first reagentless dehydrogenase based sensor for the determination of phenylalanine in human urine. The clinical range of phenylalanine in human urine is 20-60mM for people with PKU. Although most clinical analysis is performed using blood, urine was chosen due to its high concentrations of phenylalanine in phenylketonurics, as well as its simple, safe, and painless collection. The sensor is comprised of a carbon paste electrode with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PDH), uricase, and an electron mediator, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (3,4-DHB), all mixed into the paste. The electron mediator reacts with the electrode surface to produce two redox species, which catalytically oxidize NADH. The behavior of the electron mediator mixed into a carbon paste electrode has not been previously investigated. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the sensor's response to NADH, and with the addition of PDH and NAD(+) to the paste, its response to phenylalanine in human urine. The limit of detection for phenylalanine is 0.5mM (S/N=3).
Starting Page	2125
Ending Page	2125
Page Count	1
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://www.uccs.edu/Documents/dweiss/WeissPKU.pdf
PubMed reference number	17029777v1
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	11
Journal	Biosensors & bioelectronics
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors Amino Acids Brain Damage, Chronic Classical phenylketonuria Dinucleoside Phosphates Mediator brand of benfluorex hydrochloride Mental Retardation NADH Niacin Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) Phenylketonuria, Maternal Phenylketonurias Sodium monofluorophosphate 0.0076 MG/MG Toothpaste URATE OXIDASE phenylalanine oxidase protocatechualdehyde
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article