Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Oulego, Paula Blanco, Darwin Ramos, Danilo Viesca, J. L. Díaz, Mario Battez, Antolin Hernández
Copyright Year	2018
Abstract	Abstract This research compares the environmental properties (bacterial toxicity and biodegradability) of 12 ionic liquids -ILs- (7 phosphonium, 2 imidazolium and 3 ammonium cation-based ones), potentially applicable as lubricant additive, with two types of the traditional lubricant additive ZDDP. Aquatic toxicity was determined by means of Vibrio fischeri and Escherichia coli bacteria, while biodegradability was evaluated through biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. Regarding toxicity results, [P4442][DEP] was the least toxic IL (acute 3 according to GHS) for both bacteria, whereas ZDDP fell into the acute 1 category (very toxic). All samples tested turned out to be poorly biodegradable, showing BOD5/COD values below 0.1. Two ILs showed better combined tribological and environmental properties than ZDDP.
Starting Page	937
Ending Page	947
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.106
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/31455/1/MANUSCRIPT%20ACCEPTED%20JOURNAL%20OF%20MOLECULAR%20LIQUIDS%20.pdf
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.106
Volume Number	272
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article