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Reduced Functional Brain Activation and Connectivity During a Working Memory Task in Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Loeb, Frances F. Zhou, Xueping Craddock, Kirsten E. S. Shora, Lorie Broadnax, Diane D. Gochman, Peter A. Clasen, Liv S. Lalonde, Francois M. Berman, Rebecca A. Berman, Karen Faith Rapoport, Judith L. Liu, Siyuan |
| Copyright Year | 2018 |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE Working memory (WM) deficits are consistently reported in schizophrenia and are related to poor functional outcomes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of adult-onset schizophrenia have reported decreased functional activations and connectivity in the WM network, but no prior functional magnetic resonance imaging study has examined WM in childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). The aim of this study was to examine the neural correlates of WM in COS. METHOD Adult patients with COS (n = 32, 21.3 ± 1.1 years), nonpsychotic siblings of patients with COS (n = 30, 19.4 ± 0.8 years), and healthy controls (n = 39, 20.0 ± 0.7 years) completed 1- and 2-back WM tasks during 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional activation and connectivity analyses were conducted. A separate group of 23 younger patients with COS (17.9 ± 7.4 years) could not perform the tasks after twice completing a standard training and are not included in this report. RESULTS Patients with COS who were included scored significantly lower than controls on all tasks (p < .001). Patients with COS showed significantly lower activations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, posterior parietal cortices, cerebellum, and caudate and decreased frontoparietal and corticostriatal functional connectivity compared with controls (p < .05, corrected). Siblings had functional activations and connectivity intermediate between those of patients and controls in a similar set of regions (p < .05, corrected). In patients, functional connectivity strength in the left frontoparietal network correlated positively with accuracy scores during the 1-back task (p = .0023, corrected). CONCLUSION Decreased functional activation and connectivity in the WM network in COS supports pathophysiologic continuity with adult-onset schizophrenia. The low participation rate and accuracy of the patients highlights the disease severity of COS. Hypo-activations and hypo-connectivity were shared by siblings of patients with COS, suggesting COS as a potential endophenotype. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION Evaluating Genetic Risk Factors for Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia; http://ClinicalTrials.gov;NCT00001198. |
| Starting Page | 166 |
| Ending Page | 174 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.12.009 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://isiarticles.com/bundles/Article/pre/pdf/157285.pdf |
| PubMed reference number | 29496125 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.12.009 |
| Journal | Medline |
| Volume Number | 57 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Journal | Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
