Enhancing effect of the endocrine disruptor para-nonylphenol on the generation of reactive oxygen species in human blood neutrophils.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Okai, Yasuji Higashi-Okai, Kiyoka Inoue, Masayasu
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Although para-nonylphenol (NP) is known as an endocrine disruptor, the immunologic effect of NP has been poorly analyzed. We found that NP from 5 to 50 microM caused a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human blood neutrophils, which was measured by using a chemiluminescence reagent, luminol. Furthermore, ROS-scavenging enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase and antioxidative agents alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene showed strong preventive effects on NP-induced ROS generation. To analyze the biochemical mechanism of NP-induced ROS generation in human neutrophils, we investigated the effects of different types of metabolic inhibitor for the activation pathways of ROS generation in the cells. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent oxidase inhibitor, diphenyl iodonium chloride and the myeloperoxidase inhibitor sodium azide (NaN3) showed remarkable inhibitory effects on ROS generation induced by NP, but an inhibitor against mitochondrial respiratory function, potassium cyanide (KCN), did not exhibit significant effect. Furthermore, the phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3) kinase inhibitor wortmannin and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor protein phosphorylation inhibitor 1 (PP1) caused strong suppression against NP-induced ROS generation. The selective protein kinase C inhibitor Ro-32-0432, p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB 203580, and ERK MAP kinase inhibitor PD 98059 also showed significant suppressive effects on NP-induced ROS generation. These results suggest that NP causes an enhancing effect on ROS generation in human blood neutrophils through the activation of signal transduction pathways associated with the respiratory burst function in these cells. Additionally, to examine in vivo effects of NP, we also analyzed the effects of NP itself and the synergistic effects of NP and a typical inflammatory agent, opsonized zymosan, on human whole blood including neutrophils.
Starting Page	553
Ending Page	556
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
PubMed reference number	15064160
Volume Number	112
Journal	Environmental health perspectives
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/ehp/v112-5/p553.pdf
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Adenine Azides Beta Carotene CATALASE Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease Chemiluminescence Cyanides Dinucleoside Phosphates Endocrine Disruptors Luminol Metabolic Process, Cellular NADP Niacin PD 98059 Potassium Cyanide Protein Kinases Protein Tyrosine Kinase Protein phosphorylation Protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor Reagents Respiratory Burst Respiratory Insufficiency Signal Transduction Pathways Sodium Azide Superoxides Zymosan alpha Tocopherol eIF-2 Kinase negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process nonylphenol wortmannin
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article