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Gallic acid induces apoptosis in A375.S2 human melanoma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Lo, Chyi Lai, Tung-Yuan Yang, Jen-Hung Yang, Jai‑ Sing Ma, Yi-Shih Weng, Shu-Wen Chen, Ya-Yin Lin, Jaung-Geng Chung, J. |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Abstract | The natural antioxidant gallic acid (GA) has demonstrated a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in a series of cancer cell lines. However, there is no available information to show whether GA induces apoptosis in human skin cancer cells. In the present study, we report GA-induced apoptosis in A375.S2 human melanoma cells. GA affected morphological changes, decreased the percentage of viable cells and induced apoptosis in A375.S2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Observation of the molecular mechanism of apoptosis in A375.S2 cells showed that GA up-regulated the proapoptotic proteins such as Bax, and induced caspase cascade activity, but down-regulated antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2. GA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular Ca2+ productions and decreased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in A375.S2 cells in a time-dependent manner. GA triggered cytosolic release of apoptotic molecules, cytochrome c, promoted activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and ultimately apoptotic cell death. In addition, GA also promoted cytosolic release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (Endo G). Therefore, GA may also induce apoptosis through a caspase-independent pathway. Our results suggest that GA might be a potential anticancer compound; however, in depth in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanism. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.3892/ijo-0000686 |
| PubMed reference number | 20596665 |
| Journal | Medline |
| Volume Number | 37 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.spandidos-publications.com/ijo/37/2/377/download |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo-0000686 |
| Journal | International journal of oncology |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
