NDLI: Un outil d'aide à la planification et à la gestion intégrée des ressources en eau. Le modèle de simulation HYDRAM.

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Un outil d'aide à la planification et à la gestion intégrée des ressources en eau. Le modèle de simulation HYDRAM.

Content Provider	Semantic Scholar
Author	Dezetter, Alain
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	W a t e r r e s o u r c e s p l a n n i n g a n d m a n a g e m e n t i s one of t h e m a i n cha l lenge of wor ld w a t e r p rob lem. D u e to i n c r e a s i n g c o m p l e x i t y of t h e s y s t e m s of m o b i l i z a t i o n a n d u s e of w a t e r r e s o u r c e s , t h e t a s k of s p e c i a l i s t s a n d pol icy m a k e r s becomes m o r e a n d m o r e difficult. T h e o b j e c t i v e of t h e H Y D R A M s i m u l a t i o n m o d e l i s t o h e l p a l l s t a g e s of p l a n n i n g a n d m a n a g e m e n t of t h e s e c o m p l e x s y s t e m s . F i r s t of a l l , w e wi l l p r e s e n t t h e p r i n c i p l e s r e t a i n e d for t h e d e s c r ip t i on a n d m o d e l f o r m a t i o n of t h e s e s y s t e m s w i t h i n t h e H Y D R A M m o d e l a s w e l l a s h i s m o d e s of f u n c t i o n i n g . T w o c a s e s tud ie s of t h i s mode l wil l be exposed in o rder to b e t t e r de l imi t t h e u s e of t h i s tool. I N T R O D U C T I O N Les t r a v a u x de l a conference i n t e r n a t i o n a l e s u r l ' E a u e t l ' E n v i r o n n e m e n t ( I C W E , D u b l i n , J a n v i e r 1992) o n t p e r m i s d ' a t t i r e r l ' a t t en t ion s u r l a ques t ion sens ib le des r e s e rve s e n e a u douce e t l a m a n i e r e d 'en op t imise r l 'util is a t ion a l 'avenir . O n p e u t r a p p e l e r ici c e r t a i n s e x t r a i t s de l a Dec la ra t i o n d e D u b l i n s u r l ' E a u d a n s l a P e r s p e c t i v e d ' u n D e v e l o p p e m e n t D u r a b l e : "La r a r e t e d e l ' e a u d o u c e e t s o n emplo i i ncons ide re c o m p r o m e t t e n t de p l u s en p l u s g r a v e m e n t l a possib i l i t e d ' un d e v e l o p p e m e n t ecologiq u e m e n t r a t i o n n e l e t d u r a b l e . S a n t e e t b i e n e t r e d e l ' h o m m e , secur i t e a l i m e n t a i r e e t i ndus t r i a l i s a t i o n s o n t a u t a n t d e d o m a i n e s m e n a c e s , de m e m e q u e les ecosyst e m e s d o n t i l s d e p e n d e n t , s a u f a op te r d a n s l a p r e s e n t e decennie e t au-de la , pou r u n e ges t ion p lus efficace de l 'eau e t des sols". "Les p rob lemes n 'on t p a s u n caract e r e t h e o r i q u e e t ce n ' e s t p a s d a n s u n aven i r lo in ta in qu ' i ls affecteront n o t r e p l a n e t e : i l s s o n t b i en r e e l s e t n o u s e n r e s s e n t o n s l e s e f f e t s au jourd 'hu i . Il y v a de l a su rv ie de m i l l i o n s d ' e t r e s h u m a i n s e t u n e ac t ion efficace s ' impose d a n s l ' immedia t " . "Les p a r t i c i p a n t s a l a Confe rence d e m a n d e n t q u e l 'on a b o r d e l ' evalua t ion , l a m i se en v a l e u r e t la gest i o n d e s r e s s o u r c e s e n e a u d a n s u n e pe r spec t ive r a d i c a l e m e n t nouve l l e , ce q u i n e s e r a pos s ib l e q u e p a r l ' e n g a g e m e n t d e t o u s les r e s p o n s a b l e s p o l i t i q u e s , d e s p l u s h a u t e s i n s t a n c e s de l 'E t a t a u x p l u s ORSTOM, 01 BP 182 OUAGADOUGOU 01, BURKINA FASO p e t i t e s c o l l e c t i v i t e s . C e t e n g a g e m e n t doi t s ' appuye r s u r des inves t i s s e m e n t s i m p o r t a n t s , s u r d e s c a m p a g n e s d e s e n s i b i l i s a t i o n , s u r d e s c h a n g e m e n t s l e g i s l a t i f s e t i n s t i t u t i o n n e l s e t s u r u n renforcem e n t des capac i t e s . P o u r ce fa i re , il f a u t d ' a b o r d r e c o n n a i t r e p l e i n e m e n t l ' i n t e r d e p e n d a n c e de t o u s les peup le s e t l e u r p lace d a n s le m o n d e
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
Alternate Webpage(s)	http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2042/36321/2IE_1998_2_33.pdf?sequence=1
Language	English
Access Restriction	Open
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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