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Update: cardiac xenotransplantation
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Ekser, Burcin Cooper, David Kc |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Description | Journal: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Purpose of review To review the latest development in cardiac xenotransplantation in small and large animal models and related in-vitro studies. Recent findings With the recent introduction of α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GT-KO) pig organs for xenotransplantation, improved cardiac graft survival has been obtained. However, this experience has demonstrated the importance of pig antigens other than Galα1,3Gal (Gal) antigens (so-called nonGal antigens) as targets for primate anti-pig antibodies. Several in-vitro studies have confirmed that, although the incidence and levels of anti-nonGal antibodies in nonhuman primates and humans are significantly less when compared with total anti-pig antibodies (i.e., anti-Gal + anti-nonGal), they can result in complement-mediated lysis of GT-KO pig cells. More recently, it has been demonstrated that regulatory T cells suppress the cellular xenogeneic response, thus potentially preventing or reducing T-cell-mediated rejection. The importance of thrombotic microangiopathy as a feature of the immune/inflammatory response and incompatibilities between the coagulation–anticoagulation systems of pig and primate are receiving increasing attention. Development of GT-KO pigs transgenic for one or more ‘antithrombotic’ genes, for example, CD39 or tissue factor pathway inhibitor, may contribute to overcoming these problems. Summary Although GT-KO pigs have provided an advance over wild-type pigs as a source of organs for transplantation into primates, further genetic modification of GT-KO pigs is required to overcome the remaining immune barriers before a clinical trial of cardiac xenotransplantation can be contemplated. |
| Related Links | http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2652701?pdf=render https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652701/pdf |
| Ending Page | 535 |
| Page Count | 5 |
| Starting Page | 531 |
| ISSN | 10872418 |
| e-ISSN | 15317013 |
| DOI | 10.1097/mot.0b013e32830fdf89 |
| Journal | Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |
| Publisher Date | 2008-10-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Α1,3-galactosyltransferase Gene-knockout Xenotransplantation |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Immunology and Allergy Transplantation |
