Bidirectional transfer of Anelloviridae lineages between graft and host during lung transplantation

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	Abbas, Arwa A. Young, Jacque C. Clarke, Erik L. Diamond, Joshua M. Imai, Ize Haas, Andrew R. Cantu, Edward Lederer, David J. Meyer, Keith Milewski, Rita K. Olthoff, Kim M. Shaked, Abraham Christie, Jason D. Bushman, Frederic D. Collman, Ronald G.
Copyright Year	2018
Description	Journal: American Journal of Transplantation Solid organ transplantation disrupts virus‐host relationships, potentially resulting in viral transfer from donor to recipient, reactivation of latent viruses, and new viral infections. Viral transfer, colonization, and reactivation are typically monitored using assays for specific viruses, leaving the behavior of full viral populations (the “virome”) understudied. Here we sought to investigate the temporal behavior of viruses from donor lungs and transplant recipients comprehensively. We interrogated the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and blood viromes during the peri‐transplant period and 6‐16 months post‐transplant in 13 donor‐recipient pairs using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Anelloviridae, ubiquitous human commensal viruses, were the most abundant human viruses identified. Herpesviruses, parvoviruses, polyomaviruses and bacteriophages were also detected. Anelloviridae populations were complex, with some donor organs and hosts harboring multiple contemporaneous lineages. We identified transfer of Anelloviridae lineages from donor organ to recipient serum in 4 of 7 cases that could be queried, and immigration of lineages from recipient serum into the allograft in 6 of 10 such cases. Thus, metagenomic analyses revealed that viral populations move between graft and host in both directions, showing that organ transplantation involves implantation of both the allograft and commensal viral communities.
Related Links	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6411461/pdf
Ending Page	1097
Page Count	12
Starting Page	1086
e-ISSN	16006143
DOI	10.1111/ajt.15116
Journal	American Journal of Transplantation
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	Wiley-Blackwell
Publisher Date	2019-04-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Journal: American Journal of Transplantation Basic (laboratory) Research/science Bronchoalveolar Lavage (bal) Clinical Research/practice Donors and Donation: Donor-derived Infections Infection and Infectious Agents - Viral Infectious Disease Lung Transplantation/pulmonology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article