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Callosal Thickness Reductions Relate to Facial Dysmorphology in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | O’Connor, Mary J. Yang, Yaling Phillips, Owen R. Kan, Eric Sulik, Kathleen K. Mattson, Sarah N. Riley, Edward P. Jones, Kenneth L. Adnams, Colleen M. May, Philip A. Narr, Katherine L. Sowell, Elizabeth R. |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Description | Journal: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Background: Structural abnormalities of the corpus callosum (CC), such as reduced size and increased shape variability, have been documented in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). However, the regional specificity of altered CC structure, which may point to the timing of neurodevelopmental disturbances and/or relate to specific functional impairments, remains unclear. Furthermore, associations between facial dysmorphology and callosal structure remain undetermined. Methods: One hundred and fifty‐three participants (age range 8 to 16) including 82 subjects with FASD and 71 nonexposed controls were included in this study. The structural magnetic resonance imaging data of these subjects was collected at 3 sites (Los Angeles and San Diego, California, and Cape Town, South Africa) and analyzed using classical parcellation schemes, as well as more refined surface‐based geometrical modeling methods, to identify callosal morphological alterations in FASD at high spatial resolution. Results: Reductions in callosal thickness and area, specifically in the anterior third and the splenium, were observed in FASD compared with nonexposed controls. In addition, reduced CC thickness and area significantly correlated with reduced palpebral fissure length. Conclusions: Consistent with previous reports, findings suggest an adverse effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on callosal growth and further indicate that fiber pathways connecting frontal and parieto‐occipital regions in each hemisphere may be particularly affected. Significant associations between callosal and facial dysmorphology provide evidence for a concurrent insult to midline facial and brain structural development in FASD. |
| Related Links | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309126/pdf |
| Ending Page | 806 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| Starting Page | 798 |
| e-ISSN | 15300277 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01679.x |
| Journal | Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Volume Number | 36 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Wiley-Blackwell |
| Publisher Date | 2011-12-07 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research Substance Abuse Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Corpus Callosum Facial Dysmorphology Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
