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The global burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Stanaway, Jeffrey D. Reiner, Robert C. Blacker, Brigette F. Goldberg, Ellen M. Khalil, Ibrahim A. Troeger, Christopher E. Andrews, Jason R. Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Crump, John A. Im, Justin Marks, Florian Mintz, Eric Park, Se Eun Zaidi, Anita K. M. Abebe, Zegeye Abejie, Ayenew Negesse Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir Amare, Azmeraw T. Atalay, Hagos Tasew Avokpaho, Euripide F. G. A. Bacha, Umar Barac, Aleksandra Bedi, Neeraj Berhane, Adugnaw Browne, Annie J. Chirinos, Jesus L. Chitheer, Abdulaal Dolecek, Christiane Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed Eshrati, Babak Foreman, Kyle J. Gemechu, Abdella Gupta, Rahul Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Henok, Andualem Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw Hoang, Chi Linh Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Iyer, Veena J. Kahsay, Amaha Kasaeian, Amir Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khang, Young-Ho Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd El Melku, Mulugeta Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammed, Shafiu Mokdad, Ali H. Nachega, Jean B. Naheed, Aliya Nguyen, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Long Hoang Nguyen, Nam Ba Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nirayo, Yirga Legesse Pangestu, Tikki Patton, George C. Qorbani, Mostafa Rai, Rajesh Kumar Rana, Saleem M. Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal Roba, Kedir Teji Roberts, Nicholas L. S. Rubino, Salvatore Safiri, Saeid Sartorius, Benn Sawhney, Monika Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay Smith, David L. Sykes, Bryan L. Tran, Bach Xuan Tran, Tung Thanh Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna Vu, Giang Thu Vu, Linh Gia Weldegebreal, Fitsum Yenit, Melaku Kindie Murray, Christopher J. L. Hay, Simon I. |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Description | Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
| Abstract | Summary Background Efforts to quantify the global burden of enteric fever are valuable for understanding the health lost and the large-scale spatial distribution of the disease. We present the estimates of typhoid and paratyphoid fever burden from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, and the approach taken to produce them. Methods For this systematic analysis we broke down the relative contributions of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers by country, year, and age, and analysed trends in incidence and mortality. We modelled the combined incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers and split these total cases proportionally between typhoid and paratyphoid fevers using aetiological proportion models. We estimated deaths using vital registration data for countries with sufficiently high data completeness and using a natural history approach for other locations. We also estimated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for typhoid and paratyphoid fevers. Findings Globally, 14·3 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 12·5–16·3) cases of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers occurred in 2017, a 44·6% (42·2–47·0) decline from 25·9 million (22·0–29·9) in 1990. Age-standardised incidence rates declined by 54·9% (53·4–56·5), from 439·2 (376·7–507·7) per 100 000 person-years in 1990, to 197·8 (172·0–226·2) per 100 000 person-years in 2017. In 2017, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi caused 76·3% (71·8–80·5) of cases of enteric fever. We estimated a global case fatality of 0·95% (0·54–1·53) in 2017, with higher case fatality estimates among children and older adults, and among those living in lower-income countries. We therefore estimated 135·9 thousand (76·9–218·9) deaths from typhoid and paratyphoid fever globally in 2017, a 41·0% (33·6–48·3) decline from 230·5 thousand (131·2–372·6) in 1990. Overall, typhoid and paratyphoid fevers were responsible for 9·8 million (5·6–15·8) DALYs in 2017, down 43·0% (35·5–50·6) from 17·2 million (9·9–27·8) DALYs in 1990. Interpretation Despite notable progress, typhoid and paratyphoid fevers remain major causes of disability and death, with billions of people likely to be exposed to the pathogens. Although improvements in water and sanitation remain essential, increased vaccine use (including with typhoid conjugate vaccines that are effective in infants and young children and protective for longer periods) and improved data and surveillance to inform vaccine rollout are likely to drive the greatest improvements in the global burden of the disease. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. |
| Related Links | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6437314/pdf http://www.thelancet.com/article/S1473309918306856/pdf |
| Ending Page | 381 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| Starting Page | 369 |
| ISSN | 14733099 |
| e-ISSN | 14744457 |
| DOI | 10.1016/s1473-3099%2818%2930685-6 |
| Journal | The Lancet Infectious Diseases |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Volume Number | 19 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV |
| Publisher Date | 2019-02-18 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases General Medicine Global Burden Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fevers Enteric Fever |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Infectious Diseases |
