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Sex and gender differences in substance use disorders

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	McHugh, R. Kathryn Votaw, Victoria R. Sugarman, Dawn E. Greenfield, Shelly F.
Copyright Year	2018
Description	Journal: Clinical Psychology Review The gender gap in substance use disorders (SUDs), characterized by greater prevalence in men, is narrowing, highlighting the importance of understanding sex and gender differences in SUD etiology and maintenance. In this critical review, we provide an overview of sex/gender differences in the biology, epidemiology and treatment of SUDs. Biological sex differences are evident across an array of systems, including brain structure and function, endocrine function, and metabolic function. Gender (i.e., environmentally and socioculturally defined roles for men and women) also contributes to the initiation and course of substance use and SUDs. Adverse medical, psychiatric, and functional consequences associated with SUDs are often more severe in women. However, men and women do not substantively differ with respect to SUD treatment outcomes. Although several trends are beginning to emerge in the literature, findings on sex and gender differences in SUDs are complicated by the interacting contributions of biological and environmental factors. Future research is needed to further elucidate sex and gender differences, especially focusing on hormonal factors in SUD course and treatment outcomes; research translating findings between animal and human models; and gender differences in understudied populations, such as those with co-occurring psychiatric disorders and gender-specific populations, such as pregnant women.
Related Links	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5945349/pdf
Ending Page	23
Page Count	12
Starting Page	12
ISSN	02727358
e-ISSN	18737811
DOI	10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.012
Journal	Clinical Psychology Review
Volume Number	66
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publisher Date	2018-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Journal: Clinical Psychology Review Substance Abuse Gender Differences Risk Factors Substance Use Disorders Treatment Outcomes
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Clinical Psychology Psychiatry and Mental Health

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