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A comparison of hourly with annual air pollutant emissions: Implications for estimating acute exposure and public health risk
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Stewart, Michael J. Hirtz, James Woodall, George M. Weitekamp, Chelsea A. Spence, Kelley |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Description | Journal: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association Health risks from air pollutants are evaluated by comparing chronic (i.e., an average over one year or greater) or acute (typically 1-hour) exposure estimates to chemical- and duration-specific reference values or standards. When estimating long-term pollutant concentrations via exposure modeling, facility-level annual average emission rates are readily available as model inputs for most air pollutants. In contrast, there are far fewer facility level hour by hour emission rates available for many of these same pollutants. In this report, we first analyze hour by hour emission rates for total reduced sulfur (TRS) compounds from 8 kraft pulp mill operations. This data set is used to demonstrate discrepancies between estimating exposure based on a single TRS emission rate that has been calculated as the mean of all operating hours of the year, as opposed to reported hourly emission rates. A similar analysis is then performed using reported hourly emission rates for sulfur dioxide $(SO_{2}$) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from three power generating units from a U.S. power plant. Results demonstrate greater variability at kraft pulp mill operations with ratios of reported hourly to average hourly TRS emissions ranging from less than 1 to greater than 160 during routine facility operations. Thus, if fluctuations in hourly emission rates are not accounted for, over- or underestimates of hourly exposure, and thus acute health risk may occur. In addition to this analysis, we also demonstrate an additional challenge when assessing health risk based on hourly exposures: the lack of human health reference values based on 1-hour exposures. |
| Related Links | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7374520/pdf |
| Ending Page | 856 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| Starting Page | 848 |
| ISSN | 10962247 |
| e-ISSN | 21622906 |
| DOI | 10.1080/10962247.2019.1593261 |
| Journal | Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| Volume Number | 69 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited |
| Publisher Date | 2019-05-21 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Journal: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association Environmental Engineering Air-pollution Reference Values Human Exposure Risk Assessment |
| Content Type | Text |
| Subject | Atmospheric Science Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law |
