NDLI: Diet Quality and Biomarker Profiles Related to Chronic Disease Prevention: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

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Diet Quality and Biomarker Profiles Related to Chronic Disease Prevention: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	Guillermo, Cherie Boushey, Carol J. Franke, Adrian A. Monroe, Kristine R. Lim, Unhee Wilkens, Lynne R. Marchand, Loïc Le Maskarinec, Gertraud
Copyright Year	2019
Abstract	Objective: To understand how diet quality affects chronic disease etiology, the associations of 4 a priori diet quality indices with blood levels of lipid-soluble micronutrients and biomarkers of inflammation, lipid, and glucose metabolism were examined in 5 ethnic groups. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, the Adiposity Phenotype Study, a subset of the Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles, recruited participants of white, African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, and Latino ancestry. A total of 896 men and 910 women completed a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric measurements and donated a fasting blood sample. Using general linear models, covariate-adjusted mean levels of lipid-soluble micronutrients (total carotenes, lycopene, total tocopherols, total lutein, cryptoxanthins), biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor- $α), adipokines (adiponectin, leptin), lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides), and glucose metabolism (glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) were computed across tertiles of 4 a priori dietary indices Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010, Alternative HEI (AHEI)-2010, alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH); trends were evaluated in models with diet quality scores as continuous variables. Results: With better diet quality, levels of carotenes, lutein, cryptoxanthin, adiponectin, and HDL-C were significantly higher $(p_{trend}$ < 0.01), whereas levels of CRP, leptin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR were inversely associated $(p_{trend}$ < 0.05) with diet quality. With the exception of cryptoxanthins and triglycerides, the associations were consistent across ethnic groups. Conclusions: These findings confirm the association between diet quality and nutrition-related biomarkers and support the idea that a high-quality diet positively influences biologic pathways involved in chronic disease etiology across different ethnic groups.$
Related Links	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952587/pdf
Ending Page	223
Page Count	8
Starting Page	216
ISSN	07315724
e-ISSN	15411087
DOI	10.1080/07315724.2019.1635921
Journal	Journal of the American College of Nutrition
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	39
Language	English
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publisher Date	2020-04-02
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Nutrition and Dietetics Diet Quality Biomarkers Lipid-soluble Micronutrients Inflammation Ethnicity Metabolism
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine

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