NDLI: Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs)

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Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs)

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	Benevides, Alessandro Botti Sarcinelli-Filho, Mario Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Freire
Copyright Year	2020
Description	Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) are systems that use the voluntary modulation of the neural activity to transmit information that may be used for communication or control. Nowadays, the neural activity can be monitored and translated into tractable electrical signals in either of two ways: electrophysiological and hemodynamic. The former refers to the interneuronal exchange of information through electrochemical transmitters to generate ionic currents flowing across neuronal assemblies [11]. Electrophysiological activity can be noninvasively measured by electroencephalography (EEG) [9,10,12,13] and magnetoencephalography (MEG) [14] or invasively measured by electrocorticography (ECoG) [15] or intracortical neuron recording [16,17]. Hemodynamic responses are described as processes to release glucose and oxygen through the bloodstream to active neural regions, which then create a local gradient of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin [18]. The changes in the local ratio can be measured and quantified by means of neuroimaging methods, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Because hemodynamic responses are triggered by electrophysiological activity, they are only indirectly related to neuronal activity. This chapter shows the results of our researches conducted with BCIs based on EEG. Book Name: Introduction to Non-Invasive EEG-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces for Assistive Technologies
Related Links	https://content.taylorfrancis.com/books/download?dac=C2020-0-13241-4&isbn=9781003049159&doi=10.1201/9781003049159-2&format=pdf
Ending Page	60
Page Count	10
Starting Page	51
DOI	10.1201/9781003049159-2
Language	English
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publisher Date	2020-07-07
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Book Name: Introduction To Non-invasive Eeg-based Brain–computer Interfaces for Assistive Technologies Critical Care Medicine Functional Computer Hemodynamic Neural Activity Electrophysiological
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Chapter

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